{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T02:29:01Z","timestamp":1792031341324,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sex Transm Infect"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,8]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>A recent increase in reports of acute hepatitis C virus infection (HCV) in HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected men who have sex with men (MSM), with the sole risk factor being sexual exposure, has led to routine screening and targeted prevention requests for this population; current evidence for this necessity is unclear.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>A systematic review was conducted to assess the incidence of HCV infection among studies conducted in HIV-positive and\/or HIV-negative MSM to explore the implications for routine HCV screening.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Data sources<\/jats:title><jats:p>The MEDLINE, EMBASE and BIOSYS databases were searched for the period January 2000 to May 2012, yielding 21 studies. Six conferences were hand-searched for the same period yielding four abstracts.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study selection<\/jats:title><jats:p>Only studies in English presenting incidence rates of HCV and specifying HIV status were included.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Data abstraction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Data were abstracted by two authors using predefined data fields. The STROBE checklist was used to assess study quality.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Data synthesis<\/jats:title><jats:p>Data were divided into HIV-negative MSM and HIV-positive MSM subgroups, and HCV incidence density measurements were pooled. Using a DerSimonian\u2013Laird random effects model, pooled incidence was 1.48\/1000 person-years (95% CI 0.75 to 2.21) for the HIV-negative MSM subgroup. The HIV-positive MSM subgroup was at 4.1 times higher risk of acquiring HCV at 6.08\/1000 person-years (95% CI 5.18 to 6.99). Studies directly comparing subgroups estimated a pooled risk difference of 3.45\/1000 person-years (95% CI 1.63 to 5.27).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>HIV-positive MSM were at higher risk for acute HCV infection than HIV-negative MSM, substantiating the need for routine screening initiatives. Insufficient evidence exists to warrant routine screening of HIV-negative MSM, except on a case-by-case basis, such as high-risk sexual behaviour.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2012-050566","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,3]],"date-time":"2012-08-03T01:10:53Z","timestamp":1343956253000},"page":"558-564","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":134,"title":["Incidence of acute hepatitis C virus infection among men who have sex with men with and without HIV infection: a systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"88","author":[{"given":"Sean","family":"Yaphe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikki","family":"Bozinoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel","family":"Kyle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sushmita","family":"Shivkumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nitika Pant","family":"Pai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Klein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024051321074596000_88.7.558.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.aids.0000171412.61360.f8"},{"key":"2024051321074596000_88.7.558.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1293.2004.00225.x"},{"key":"2024051321074596000_88.7.558.3","first-page":"115","article-title":"Acute hepatitis C infection in HIV positive men who have sex with men in Paris, France, 2001\u20132004","volume":"10","author":"Gambotti","year":"2005","journal-title":"Euro Surv"},{"key":"2024051321074596000_88.7.558.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e3282ef3873"},{"key":"2024051321074596000_88.7.558.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/522608"},{"key":"2024051321074596000_88.7.558.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/518796"},{"key":"2024051321074596000_88.7.558.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e32832e5631"},{"key":"2024051321074596000_88.7.558.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.2007.027334"},{"key":"2024051321074596000_88.7.558.9","unstructured":"Soriano V . 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