{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]],"date-time":"2025-09-26T13:11:55Z","timestamp":1758892315636},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"Suppl 2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sex Transm Infect"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,15]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>From 2004 to 2011, a collaborative project was undertaken to enhance the capacity of the Government of Pakistan to implement an effective second-generation surveillance system for HIV\/AIDS, known as the HIV\/AIDS Surveillance Project (HASP). In four separate rounds, behavioural questionnaires were administered among injection drug users, and female, male and hijra (transgender) sex workers. Dried blood spots were collected for HIV testing.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Through interviews with project staff in Pakistan and Canada, we have undertaken a critical review of the role of HASP in generating, using and translating knowledge, with an emphasis on capacity building within both the donor and recipient countries. We also documented ongoing and future opportunities for the translation of knowledge produced through HASP.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Knowledge translation activities have included educational workshops and consultations held in places as diverse as Colombia and Cairo, and the implementation of HASP methodologies in Asia, the Middle East and sub-Saharan Africa. HASP methodologies have been incorporated in multiple WHO reports. Importantly, the donor country, Canada, has benefited in significant ways from this partnership. Operational and logistical lessons from HASP have, in turn, improved how surveillance is performed in Canada. Through this project, significant capacity was built among the staff of HASP, non-governmental organisations which were engaged as implementation partners, data coordination units which were established in each province, and in the laboratory. As is to be expected, different organisations have different agendas and priorities, requiring negotiation, at times, to ensure the success of collaborative activities. Overall, there has been considerable interest in and opportunities made for learning about the methodologies and approaches employed by HASP.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Generally, the recognition of the strengths of the approaches and methodologies used by HASP has ensured an appetite for opportunities of mutual learning.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2012-050774","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,21]],"date-time":"2012-12-21T04:50:23Z","timestamp":1356065423000},"page":"ii53-ii57","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Translating knowledge from Pakistan's second generation surveillance system to other global contexts"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"89","author":[{"given":"Alix","family":"Adrien","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura H","family":"Thompson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chris P","family":"Archibald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul A","family":"Sandstrom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michelle","family":"Munro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Faran","family":"Emmanuel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James F","family":"Blanchard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024051409583997000_89.Suppl_2.ii53.1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO). Second generation surveillance for HIV\/AIDS. Geneval: WHO; 2011. Available from: http:\/\/www.who.int\/hiv\/topics\/surveillance\/2ndgen\/en\/ (accessed 4 Nov 2011)."},{"key":"2024051409583997000_89.Suppl_2.ii53.2","unstructured":"Wilson D Fraser N . Mixed HIV epidemic dynamics: epidemiology and program implications. Accra, Ghana: HIV Prevention in Mixed Epidemics Technical Consultation; 2011."},{"key":"2024051409583997000_89.Suppl_2.ii53.3","unstructured":"National AIDS Control Program (NACP). HIV second generation surveillance in Pakistan: national report round IV . Islamabad, Pakistan: NACP, 2012."},{"key":"2024051409583997000_89.Suppl_2.ii53.4","unstructured":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR), 2009. About Knowledge Translation. Last modified May 8, 2009. Ottawa, Canada. http:\/\/www.cihr-irsc.gc.ca\/e\/29418.html (accessed 4 Nov 2011)."},{"key":"2024051409583997000_89.Suppl_2.ii53.5","unstructured":"Evans, JR, Catillo, GT, Abed FA, et al. Commission on health research for development: health research: essential link to equity in development. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1990."},{"key":"2024051409583997000_89.Suppl_2.ii53.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1478-4505-9-11"},{"key":"2024051409583997000_89.Suppl_2.ii53.7","first-page":"721","article-title":"Knowledge translation in global health","volume":"83","author":"Pablos-Mendez","year":"2005","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"2024051409583997000_89.Suppl_2.ii53.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/chp.55"},{"key":"2024051409583997000_89.Suppl_2.ii53.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/chp.54"},{"key":"2024051409583997000_89.Suppl_2.ii53.10","unstructured":"Ramesh B Washington R Mondal S . Sex work typology and risk for HIV in female sex workers (FSWs): findings from an integrated biological and behavioural assessment in the southern Indian state of Karnataka. 16th International AIDS Conference ; 13-18 August 2006, Toronto, Canada."},{"key":"2024051409583997000_89.Suppl_2.ii53.11","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO). WHO manual for HIV drug resistance testing using dry blood spot specimens . Geneva: WHO; 2010."},{"key":"2024051409583997000_89.Suppl_2.ii53.12","unstructured":"Emmanuel F. Mapping of most at risk populations: An innovative approach to know \u201cwho\u201d is at risk, \u201chow many\u201d are there and \u201cwhere they are Regional Knowledge Hub for HIV\/AIDS Surveillance Newsletter. Kerman, Iran, 2009:6."},{"key":"2024051409583997000_89.Suppl_2.ii53.13","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO). 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Surveillance and Risk Assessment Division, Centre for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, PHAC; 2006."},{"key":"2024051409583997000_89.Suppl_2.ii53.16","unstructured":"Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC). HIV\/AIDS : M-Track. Ottawa, Canada: Surveillance and Risk Assessment Division, Centre for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, PHAC; 2008. Available from: http:\/\/www.phac-aspc.gc.ca\/aids-sida\/about\/mtrack-eng.php (accessed 17 Dec 2011)."},{"key":"2024051409583997000_89.Suppl_2.ii53.17","first-page":"6","article-title":"Knowledge and policy","volume":"4","author":"Webber","year":"1991\u201392","journal-title":"Int J Knowledge Transfer Utilization"},{"key":"2024051409583997000_89.Suppl_2.ii53.18","unstructured":"HEALNet Regionalization Research Centre. 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