{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T17:22:21Z","timestamp":1791048141968,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sex Transm Infect"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,29]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Metronidazole and tinidazole are effective treatments for most patients with trichomoniasis but not for individuals who are infected with very resistant strains of<jats:italic>Trichomonas vaginalis<\/jats:italic>or persons with hypersensitivity to the 5-nitroimidazole drugs. Thus, there is a need for additional oral therapies to treat trichomoniasis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We screened the US Drug Collection Library against metronidazole-susceptible and resistant strains of<jats:italic>T vaginalis.<\/jats:italic>Activity was measured by incubating parasites and drugs for 48\u2005h in the presence of tritiated thymidine. Growth inhibition was determined by the reduction of incorporated radioactivity by compounds at 20\u2005\u03bcM in comparison to media control. Drugs that showed good initial activity were further tested to calculate IC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>values. Drugs with the most promise were tested together with metronidazole to see if there was any combinatorial effect.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of the 1040 drugs in the library, 83 (8%) reduced growth of a metronidazole-susceptible<jats:italic>T vaginalis<\/jats:italic>strain by at least 20%. Of these, IC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>values were calculated for 27 compounds and 8 drugs were evaluated in combination with metronidazole. Disulfiram and nithiamide were non-5-nitroimidazole drugs that showed the best activity against parasites when used alone. Albendazole and coenzyme B12 were the most promising compounds to boost the efficacy of metronidazole.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>No one drug was as effective as any of the 5-nitroimidazole compounds. However, disulfiram and nithiamide may be useful to treat individuals with hypersensitivity to 5-nitroimidazole drugs and albendazole and coenzyme B12 may be helpful in combination with metronidazole or tinidazole for treatment of persons with highly resistant<jats:italic>T vaginalis<\/jats:italic>infections.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2013-051032","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,23]],"date-time":"2013-06-23T00:40:12Z","timestamp":1371948012000},"page":"479-484","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Drug library screening against metronidazole-sensitive and metronidazole-resistant<i>Trichomonas vaginalis<\/i>isolates"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"89","author":[{"given":"E Brook","family":"Goodhew","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W 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of disulfiram (bis(diethylthiocarbamoyl)disulphide) and ditiocarb (diethyldithiocarbamate) against metronidazole-sensitive and \u2013resistant Trichomonas vaginalis and Tritrichomonas foetus","volume":"42","author":"Bouma","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"2024051410091929000_89.6.479.15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(56)90686-X","article-title":"The clinical evaluation of 2-acetylamino-5-nitro-thiazole, an orally effective trichomonocide","volume":"71","author":"Plentl","year":"1956","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"2024051410091929000_89.6.479.16","first-page":"115","article-title":"Treatment of vaginal trichomoniasis with 2-acetylamino-5-nitrothiazole (aminitrozole) given orally","volume":"33","author":"Willcox","year":"1957","journal-title":"Brit J Vener 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