{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,2]],"date-time":"2026-01-02T07:25:32Z","timestamp":1767338732483},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Sex Transm Infect"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,2]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>We quantified the proportion of cases and risk of primary syphilis (PS), urethral chlamydia (UCT) and urethral gonorrhoea (UGC) attributable to sexual practices other than anal sex.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this cross-sectional study, electronic records for men who have sex with men (MSM) who attended the Melbourne Sexual Health Centre between July 2002 (for PS) or January 2006 (for UCT and UGC) and October 2012, inclusive, were examined.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>There were 37\u2005533 eligible consultations; 2374 (6%) of these reported no anal sex. There were 204 PS diagnoses, 673 UCT diagnoses, and 618 UGC diagnoses; 12 (6%), 16 (2%) and 44 (7%) cases, respectively, occurred in consultations where no anal sex was reported in the previous 3\u2005months (PS, UGC) or twelve months (UCT). Among MSM reporting no anal sex, PS was diagnosed in 0.5 cases\/100 consultations, UCT was diagnosed in 1.5 cases\/100 tests for UCT and UGC was diagnosed in 14 cases\/100 tests for UGC. UCT was significantly more common in MSM reporting anal sex (OR 2.18, 95% CI 1.32 to 3.59, p=0.002), but PS (OR 1.07 95% CI 0.6 to 1.93, p=0.82) and UGC (OR 1.28 95% CI 0.92 to 1.79. p=0.14) were not. For MSM reporting anal sex, condom use was protective for all three infections (all p\u22640.03).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our findings suggest that UCT uncommonly occurs from sexual practices other than anal sex; however, these practices contribute significantly to PS and UGC. Successful programmes to control PS and UGC will need strategies, such as frequent testing, in addition to promoting condom use.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2013-051103","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,27]],"date-time":"2013-09-27T03:14:19Z","timestamp":1380251659000},"page":"55-57","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Contribution of sexual practices (other than anal sex) to bacterial sexually transmitted infection transmission in men who have sex with men: a cross-sectional analysis using electronic health records"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"90","author":[{"given":"Jessica L","family":"Nash","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jane S","family":"Hocking","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tim R H","family":"Read","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcus Y","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Catriona S","family":"Bradshaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dana S","family":"Forcey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher K","family":"Fairley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024051410121689000_90.1.55.1","unstructured":"The Kirby Institute. Annual Surveillance Report 2012: HIV, viral hepatitis and sexually transmissible infections in Australia. In: McDonald A , ed. Annual Surveillance Report 2012. Sydney: NSW The University of New South Wales, 2012."},{"key":"2024051410121689000_90.1.55.2","unstructured":"Department of Health and Ageing. Second National Sexually Transmissible Infections Strategy 2010\u20132013 Australian Government, 2010."},{"key":"2024051410121689000_90.1.55.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.2007.028787"},{"key":"2024051410121689000_90.1.55.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/648427"},{"key":"2024051410121689000_90.1.55.5","first-page":"155","article-title":"Homosexual experience and recent homosexual encounters Australian and New Zealand","volume":"27","author":"Grulich","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Public Health"},{"key":"2024051410121689000_90.1.55.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007435-199705000-00007"},{"key":"2024051410121689000_90.1.55.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.2006.021329"},{"key":"2024051410121689000_90.1.55.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.2006.021915","article-title":"Incidence and risk factors for urethral and anal gonorrhoea and chlamydia in a cohort of HIV-negative homosexual men: the Health in Men Study","volume":"83","author":"Jin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect"},{"key":"2024051410121689000_90.1.55.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/430704"},{"key":"2024051410121689000_90.1.55.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0b013e318254c6fa"}],"container-title":["Sexually Transmitted Infections"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/sextrans-2013-051103","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,14]],"date-time":"2024-05-14T17:14:17Z","timestamp":1715706857000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/sti.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/sextrans-2013-051103"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,26]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,15]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/sextrans-2013-051103"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/sextrans-2013-051103","relation":{},"ISSN":["1368-4973","1472-3263"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1368-4973","type":"print"},{"value":"1472-3263","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,26]]}}}