{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T00:06:53Z","timestamp":1788998813491,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Sex Transm Infect"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,20]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Disseminated gonococcal infections (DGIs) are rare. We describe the characteristics of DGIs in France.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This is a 3-year retrospective analysis of DGI cases collected through two networks of microbiologists and infectious disease specialists in France between 2009 and 2011. DGI was defined either by the isolation of<jats:italic>Neisseria gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic>from blood and synovial fluid or by the existence of a clinical syndrome consistent with DGI and the isolation of<jats:italic>N gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic>from any site. We describe the epidemiological, clinical and microbiological characteristics and outcomes of DGIs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>21 patients (9 women, 12 men; 18\u201362\u2005years old) were diagnosed with DGI. The number of DGI cases increased between 2009 and 2011. Two men who had sex with men were coinfected with HIV. We found 28 extragenital locations, including arthritis (14 cases), tenosynovitis (7), skin lesions (4), endocarditis (1), prostatitis (1) and pelvic inflammatory disease (1). Genital signs were present in five patients. The diagnosis was confirmed by cultures in 20 patients\u2014blood (4), synovial fluid (11), genital (3), throat (1), urine (1)\u2014and by molecular biology on a pharyngeal swab in 1 patient. Seven cases were resistant to fluoroquinolones. The patients were treated with ceftriaxone, associated with corticosteroids (two cases) and surgery (six cases). Four patients had joint sequelae.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>DGIs are increasing. Men seem to be at higher risk than women. Joint involvement was common. Microbiological diagnosis was based on culture, however molecular biology using pharyngeal swabs was helpful when cultures were negative.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2013-051119","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,7]],"date-time":"2013-08-07T05:33:11Z","timestamp":1375853591000},"page":"613-615","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":75,"title":["Changing patterns of disseminated gonococcal infection in France: cross-sectional data 2009\u20132011"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"89","author":[{"given":"Anna","family":"Belkacem","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Caumes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jocelyne","family":"Ouanich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincent","family":"Jarlier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sophie","family":"Dellion","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benoit","family":"Cazenave","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R\u00e9gis","family":"Goursaud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Flore","family":"Lacassin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacques","family":"Breuil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olivier","family":"Patey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"for the working group FRA-DGI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024051410181872000_89.8.613.1","unstructured":"Haute Autorit\u00e9 de Sant\u00e9 (HAS). Screening and treatment of gonococcal infection: current status, France, December 2010. http:\/\/www.has-sante.fr (accessed Dec 2012)."},{"key":"2024051410181872000_89.8.613.2","unstructured":"Institut de Veille Sanitaire. Bulletin des r\u00e9seaux de surveillance des infections sexuellement trans missibles (IST). R\u00e9nago, R\u00e9nachla et R\u00e9sIST. D\u00e9cember 2012. http:\/\/www.invs.sante.fr\/Dossiers-thematiques\/Maladies-infectieuses\/VIH-sida-IST\/Infections-sexuellement-transmissibles-IST\/Bulletins-des-reseaux-de-surveillance (accessed 4 Dec 2012)."},{"key":"2024051410181872000_89.8.613.3","first-page":"590","article-title":"Update to CDC's sexually transmitted diseases treatment guidelines, 2010: oral cephalosporins no longer a recommended treatment for gonococcal infections","volume":"61","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2012","journal-title":"Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"2024051410181872000_89.8.613.4","unstructured":"European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. Sexually transmitted infection in Europe (1990\u20132010). Stockholm: ECDC, 2012. http:\/\/www.ecdc.europa.eu\/en\/publications\/Publications\/201206-SexuallyTransmitted-Infections-Europe-2010.pdf (accessed 10 Jun 2012)."},{"key":"2024051410181872000_89.8.613.5","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Sexually transmitted diseases treatment guidelines, 2010. MMWR Recomm Rep 2010;59 (No RR-12)."},{"key":"2024051410181872000_89.8.613.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005792-198311000-00005"},{"key":"2024051410181872000_89.8.613.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1994.00420230077009"},{"key":"2024051410181872000_89.8.613.8","unstructured":"Members of the Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Fran\u00e7aise de Microbiologie Antibiogram Committee. Comit\u00e9 de l'antibiogramme de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Fran\u00e7aise de Microbiologie. Recommandations 2012:47\u20138. http:\/\/www.sfm-microbiologie.org (accessed 15 May 2013)."},{"key":"2024051410181872000_89.8.613.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.79.4.345"},{"key":"2024051410181872000_89.8.613.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marrazzo JM Handsfiled HH Sparling PF . Neisseria gonorrhoeae. In: Mandell GL Bennett JE Dolin R . eds. Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's principles and practice of infectious diseases. 7th edn. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2010:2753\u201370.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-443-06839-3.00212-5"},{"issue":"(Suppl 3)","key":"2024051410181872000_89.8.613.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e196","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2009.07.010","article-title":"Tricuspid valve gonococcal endocarditis: fourth case report","volume":"14","author":"Akkinepally","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Inf Dis"},{"key":"2024051410181872000_89.8.613.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2353\/jmoldx.2006.050045"},{"key":"2024051410181872000_89.8.613.13","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Guidelines for the management of sexually transmitted infections. Geneva: WHO, 2001. http:\/\/www.who.int\/hiv\/pub\/sti\/en\/STIGuidelines2003.pdf (accessed 19 Mar 2012)."}],"container-title":["Sexually Transmitted Infections"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/sextrans-2013-051119","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,14]],"date-time":"2024-05-14T17:18:57Z","timestamp":1715707137000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/sti.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/sextrans-2013-051119"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,6]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,15]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/sextrans-2013-051119"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/sextrans-2013-051119","relation":{},"ISSN":["1368-4973","1472-3263"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1368-4973","type":"print"},{"value":"1472-3263","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,6]]}}}