{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T10:50:05Z","timestamp":1775645405809,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"7","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1091226"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1091226"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["568971"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["568971"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Sex Transm Infect"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]},"DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2015-052502","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,20]],"date-time":"2016-10-20T05:35:03Z","timestamp":1476941703000},"page":"532-536","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["Saliva use as a lubricant for anal sex is a risk factor for rectal gonorrhoea among men who have sex with men, a new public health message: a cross-sectional survey"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"92","author":[{"given":"Eric P F","family":"Chow","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0657-9677","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vincent J","family":"Cornelisse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tim R H","family":"Read","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Walker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jane S","family":"Hocking","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcus Y","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Catriona S","family":"Bradshaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher K","family":"Fairley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"key-10.1136\/sextrans-2015-052502-1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20224","DOI":"10.2807\/ese.17.29.20224-en","article-title":"Rapid increase in gonorrhoea and syphilis diagnoses in England in 2011","volume":"17","author":"Savage","year":"2012","journal-title":"Euro Surveill"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/sextrans-2015-052502-2","unstructured":"The Kirby Institute. HIV, viral hepatitis and sexually transmissible infections in Australia Annual Surveillance Report 2013. Sydney, Australia: The Kirby Institute, The University of New South Wales, 2013."},{"key":"key-10.1136\/sextrans-2015-052502-3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1258\/ijsa.2010.010458","article-title":"Different trends for different sexually transmissible infections despite increased testing of men who have sex with men","volume":"22","author":"Ryder","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J STD AIDS"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/sextrans-2015-052502-4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(91)93447-H","article-title":"Does rectal gonorrhoea reflect unsafe sex?","volume":"337","author":"Tomlinson","year":"1991","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/sextrans-2015-052502-5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(91)92561-F","article-title":"Rectal gonorrhoea and unsafe sex","volume":"337","author":"Young","year":"1991","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/sextrans-2015-052502-6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2014-051760","article-title":"Oral and anal sex are key to sustaining gonorrhoea at endemic levels in MSM populations: a mathematical model","volume":"91","author":"Hui","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/sextrans-2015-052502-7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1071\/SH15036","article-title":"Early presentation of symptomatic individuals is critical in controlling sexually transmissible infections","volume":"12","author":"Fairley","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sex Health"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/sextrans-2015-052502-8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.2006.021915","article-title":"Incidence and risk factors for urethral and anal gonorrhoea and chlamydia in a cohort of HIV-negative homosexual men: the Health in Men Study","volume":"83","author":"Jin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/sextrans-2015-052502-9","first-page":"395","article-title":"Gonorrhoea of the throat at a venereological clinic. Incidence and Results of Treatment","volume":"51","author":"Hallqvist","year":"1975","journal-title":"Br J Vener Dis"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/sextrans-2015-052502-10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-104-5-655","article-title":"Epidemiology and treatment of oropharyngeal gonorrhea","volume":"104","author":"Hutt","year":"1986","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/sextrans-2015-052502-11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2015-052399","article-title":"Detection of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in the pharynx and saliva: implications for gonorrhoea transmission","volume":"92","author":"Chow","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/sextrans-2015-052502-12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0b013e31819388a9","article-title":"Use of saliva as a lubricant in anal sexual practices among homosexual men","volume":"50","author":"Butler","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/sextrans-2015-052502-13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e103081","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0103081","article-title":"Testing commercial sex workers for sexually transmitted infections in Victoria, Australia: an evaluation of the impact of reducing the frequency of testing","volume":"9","author":"Chow","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/sextrans-2015-052502-14","volume-title":"Australian Sexually Transmitted Infection & HIV Testing Guidelines 2014","author":"STIs in Gay Men Action Group (STIGMA)","year":"2014"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/sextrans-2015-052502-15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1071\/SH09100","article-title":"Is screening asymptomatic men who have sex with men for urethral gonorrhoea worthwhile?","volume":"7","author":"Ryder","year":"2010","journal-title":"Sex Health"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/sextrans-2015-052502-16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.1999.0431","article-title":"The transmission dynamics of gonorrhoea: modelling the reported behaviour of infected patients from Newark, New Jersey","volume":"354","author":"Garnett","year":"1999","journal-title":"Philos Trans R Soc Lond, B, Biol Sci"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/sextrans-2015-052502-17","first-page":"281","article-title":"Exact binomial confidence interval for proportions","volume":"64","author":"Morisette","year":"1998","journal-title":"Photogramm Eng Remote Sensing"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/sextrans-2015-052502-18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4304","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.05341-11","article-title":"Differing Neisseria gonorrhoeae bacterial loads in the pharynx and rectum in men who have sex with men: implications for gonococcal detection, transmission, and control","volume":"49","author":"Bissessor","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/sextrans-2015-052502-19","volume-title":"Pleasure and Sexual Health: The PASH Study, 2009","author":"Prestage","year":"2010"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/sextrans-2015-052502-20","volume-title":"Sexual health and behaviour of men in New South Wales 2013\u20132014","author":"Richters","year":"2015"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/sextrans-2015-052502-21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-007-9267-y","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors associated with HIV infection among men having sex with men in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam","volume":"12","author":"Nguyen","year":"2008","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/sextrans-2015-052502-22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1071\/SH15175","article-title":"Duration of infection of gonorrhoea and chlamydia at the pharynx and rectum among men who have sex with men: a systematic review","author":"Chow","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sex Health"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/sextrans-2015-052502-23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0b013e318235502b","article-title":"The slippery slope: lubricant use and rectal sexually transmitted infections: a newly identified risk","volume":"39","author":"Gorbach","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/sextrans-2015-052502-24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.2007.028787","article-title":"More than just anal sex: the potential for sexually transmitted infection transmission among men visiting sex-on-premises venues","volume":"84","author":"Phang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect"}],"container-title":["Sexually Transmitted Infections"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/sextrans-2015-052502","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,10]],"date-time":"2022-07-10T20:08:29Z","timestamp":1657483709000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/sti.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/sextrans-2015-052502"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,3]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,19]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/sextrans-2015-052502"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/sextrans-2015-052502","relation":{},"ISSN":["1368-4973","1472-3263"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1368-4973","type":"print"},{"value":"1472-3263","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,3]]}}}