{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,21]],"date-time":"2026-03-21T04:37:22Z","timestamp":1774067842086,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Sex Transm Infect"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,9]]},"DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2016-052777","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,21]],"date-time":"2017-01-21T02:31:33Z","timestamp":1484965893000},"page":"431-437","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Is rectal douching and sharing douching equipment associated with anorectal chlamydia and gonorrhoea? A cross-sectional study among men who have sex with men"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"93","author":[{"given":"RCA","family":"Achterbergh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"JJ","family":"van der Helm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"W","family":"van den Boom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T","family":"Heijman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"IG","family":"Stolte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"MS","family":"van Rooijen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"HJC","family":"de Vries","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"key-10.1136\/sextrans-2016-052777-1","unstructured":"van Rooijen M . PvL. Annual Rapport STI outpatient Clinic, Public Health Service Amsterdam. 2011. http:\/\/www.ggd.amsterdam.nl\/ggd\/publicaties\/jaarverslagen\/"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/sextrans-2016-052777-2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2012-050630","article-title":"Rectal douching among Peruvian men who have sex with men, and acceptability of a douche-formulated rectal microbicide to prevent HIV infection","volume":"89","author":"Kinsler","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/sextrans-2016-052777-3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-14-95","article-title":"Prevalence and types of rectal douches used for anal intercourse: results from an international survey","volume":"14","author":"Javanbakht","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/sextrans-2016-052777-4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1007\/s10508-013-0203-0","article-title":"Enema use among men who have sex with men: a behavioral epidemiologic study with implications for HIV\/STI prevention","volume":"43","author":"Noor","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arch Sex Behav"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/sextrans-2016-052777-5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1089\/apc.2012.0355","article-title":"An event-level comparison of risk-related sexual practices between black and other-race men who have sex with men: condoms, semen, lubricant, and rectal douching","volume":"27","author":"Calabrese","year":"2013","journal-title":"AIDS Patient Care STDS"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/sextrans-2016-052777-6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"860","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-007-9301-0","article-title":"The use of rectal douches among HIV-uninfected and infected men who have unprotected receptive anal intercourse: implications for rectal microbicides","volume":"12","author":"Carballo-Di\u00e9guez","year":"2008","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/sextrans-2016-052777-7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1086\/511279","article-title":"Hyperosmolar sexual lubricant causes epithelial damage in the distal colon: potential implication for HIV transmission","volume":"195","author":"Fuchs","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/sextrans-2016-052777-8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0b013e31815abb08","article-title":"Lymphogranuloma venereum proctitis in men who have sex with men is associated with anal enema use and high-risk behavior","volume":"35","author":"de Vries","year":"2008","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/sextrans-2016-052777-9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0b013e3182354e81","article-title":"High prevalence of sexually transmitted infections in HIV-infected men during routine outpatient visits in the Netherlands","volume":"39","author":"Heiligenberg","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/sextrans-2016-052777-10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1258\/ijsa.2008.008260","article-title":"Is there a reservoir of sub-clinical Lymphogranuloma venereum and non-LGV Chlamydia trachomatis infection in men who have sex with men?","volume":"19","author":"Tinmouth","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J STD AIDS"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/sextrans-2016-052777-11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2013-051404","article-title":"Risk factors for rectal Lymphogranuloma venereum in gay men: results of a multicentre case-control study in the UK","volume":"90","author":"Macdonald","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/sextrans-2016-052777-12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1097\/01.olq.0000251209.52901.c3","article-title":"Effectiveness of a risk-based visitor-prioritizing system at a sexually transmitted infection outpatient clinic","volume":"34","author":"Heijman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/sextrans-2016-052777-13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-014-0738-2","article-title":"Risk factors for HIV and STI diagnosis in a community-based HIV\/STI testing and counselling site for men having sex with men (MSM) in a large German city in 2011\u20132012","volume":"15","author":"Marcus","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/sextrans-2016-052777-14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2011-050270","article-title":"Incidence and risk factors associated with chlamydia in men who have sex with men: a cohort analysis of Victorian Primary Care Network for Sentinel Surveillance data","volume":"88","author":"Wilkinson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/sextrans-2016-052777-15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.2006.021915","article-title":"Incidence and risk factors for urethral and anal gonorrhoea and chlamydia in a cohort of HIV-negative homosexual men: the Health in Men Study","volume":"83","author":"Jin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/sextrans-2016-052777-16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0140297","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0140297","article-title":"Prevalence of and factors associated with rectal-only chlamydia and gonorrhoea in women and in men who have sex with men","volume":"10","author":"van Liere","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/sextrans-2016-052777-17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.2005.015156","article-title":"Refocusing health promotion for syphilis prevention: results of a case-control study of men who have sex with men on England's south coast","volume":"82","author":"Imrie","year":"2006","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/sextrans-2016-052777-18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0b013e3182515601","article-title":"Recreational drug use during sex and sexually transmitted infections among clients of a city sexually transmitted infections clinic in Amsterdam, the Netherlands","volume":"39","author":"Heiligenberg","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/sextrans-2016-052777-19","unstructured":"Stolte IG , Prins M . The Annual Cohort Studies on HIV infection: annual report 2013. 2014."},{"key":"key-10.1136\/sextrans-2016-052777-20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2010-12-325860","article-title":"Barriers to mucosal transmission of immunodeficiency viruses","volume":"118","author":"Keele","year":"2011","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/sextrans-2016-052777-21","first-page":"265","article-title":"Safety and effectiveness of large-volume enema solutions","volume":"17","author":"Schmelzer","year":"2004","journal-title":"Appl Nurs Res"}],"container-title":["Sexually Transmitted Infections"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/sextrans-2016-052777","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,29]],"date-time":"2020-09-29T08:56:57Z","timestamp":1601369817000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/sti.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/sextrans-2016-052777"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,20]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,21]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/sextrans-2016-052777"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/sextrans-2016-052777","relation":{},"ISSN":["1368-4973","1472-3263"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1368-4973","type":"print"},{"value":"1472-3263","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,20]]}}}