{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T23:34:17Z","timestamp":1783985657539,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,4]],"date-time":"2020-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1580774400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Sex Transm Infect"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,24]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>\nInternational spread has contributed substantially to the high prevalence of antimicrobial resistant (AMR)\n<jats:italic>Neisseria gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic>\ninfections worldwide. We compared the prevalence of AMR gonococcal isolates among native persons to foreign-born (reporting country different from country of birth) persons, and describe the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of foreign-born patients and their associations to AMR.\n<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>We analysed isolates and patient data reported to the European Gonococcal Antimicrobial Surveillance Programme (Euro-GASP) 2010\u20132014 (n=9529).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n    <jats:p>Forty-three per cent of isolates had known country of birth and 17.2% of these were from persons born abroad. Almost 50% of foreign-born were from the WHO European Region (13.1% from non-European Union [EU] and the European Economic Area [EEA] countries). Compared with isolates from natives, isolates from foreign-born had a similar level (p&gt;0.05) of azithromycin resistance (7.5% vs 7.2%), ciprofloxacin resistance (50.0% vs 46.3%) and of decreased susceptibility to ceftriaxone (1.9% vs 2.8%); a lower rate of cefixime resistance (5.7% vs 3.6%, p=0.02), and a higher proportion of isolates producing penicillinase (8.4% vs 11.7%, p=0.02). Among isolates from persons born outside EU\/EEA, the level of decreased susceptibility to ceftriaxone was higher (1.8% vs 3.5%, p=0.02), particularly in those from the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region and non-EU\/EEA WHO European countries (1.9% vs 9.6% and 8.7%,\u2009respectively, p&lt;0.01). In multivariable analysis, foreign-born patients with AMR isolates were more likely to be from non-EU\/EEA WHO European countries (adjusted OR [aOR]: 3.2, 95%\u2009CI 1.8 to 5.8), WHO Eastern Mediterranean countries (aOR: 1.8, 95%\u2009CI 1.1 to 3.3) and heterosexual males (aOR: 1.8, 95%\u2009CI 1.2 to 2.7).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Importation of AMR strains remains an important threat in the EU\/EEA. Research to improve understanding of sexual networks within foreign born and sexual tourism populations could help to inform effective tailor-made interventions. The Euro-GASP demonstrates the public health value of quality-assured surveillance of gonococcal AMR and the need for strengthened AMR surveillance, particularly in the non-EU\/EEA WHO European Region.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2018-053912","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,4]],"date-time":"2020-02-04T22:16:03Z","timestamp":1580854563000},"page":"204-210","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Antimicrobial resistance in\n<i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae<\/i>\nisolates from foreign-born population in the European Gonococcal Antimicrobial Surveillance Programme"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"96","author":[{"given":"Cristina","family":"Hernando Rovirola","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gianfranco","family":"Spiteri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meritxell","family":"Sabid\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Montoliu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victoria","family":"Gonzalez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jordi","family":"Casabona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6707-6910","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michelle Jayne","family":"Cole","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teymur","family":"Noori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1710-2081","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Magnus","family":"Unemo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024092304051574000_96.3.204.1","first-page":"85","article-title":"European guideline on the diagnosis and treatment of gonorrhoea in adults","volume":"2013","author":"Bignell","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J STD AIDS"},{"key":"2024092304051574000_96.3.204.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00010-14"},{"key":"2024092304051574000_96.3.204.3","unstructured":"European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) . 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