{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]],"date-time":"2026-02-05T11:22:35Z","timestamp":1770290555933,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"2","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004417","name":"Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004417","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000996","name":"Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Australian Government","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000996","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"U.S. President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000030","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1 U2G GH001531-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1 U2G GH001531-01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000030","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Sex Transm Infect"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,20]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To characterise the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV\/AIDS 90-90-90 cascade among female sex workers (FSW) and men who have sex with men (MSM)\/transgender women (TGW) in Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea (PNG).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We conducted respondent-driven sampling surveys among FSW and MSM\/TGW in Port Moresby, PNG from June to October 2016. All participants spoke English or Tok Pisin and were aged &gt;12 years. FSW had to be born female and sell\/exchange sex with a male in the past 6 months. MSM\/TGW had to be born male and have oral\/anal sex with another male-born person in the past 6 months. Participants were interviewed and offered rapid HIV diagnostic and viral load testing. HIV viral suppression (VS) was defined as &lt;1000 copies\/mL.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We recruited 674 FSW and 400 MSM\/TGW; HIV prevalence was 15.2% (95% CI 11.7 to 18.8) and 8.5% (95% CI 5.0 to 11.9), respectively. Among FSW living with HIV, 39.0% (95% CI 26.6 to 51.4) self-reported having been diagnosed; of them 79.6% (95% CI 62.7 to 96.5) self-reported being on antiretroviral therapy (ART), and 54.1% (95% CI 31.8 to 76.4) achieved VS. Among MSM\/TGW living with HIV, 24.4% (95% CI 4.7 to 44.1) self-reported having been diagnosed; of them 43.9% (95% CI 33.6 to 54.8) self-reported being on ART, and 86.1% (95% CI 71.1 to 93.9) achieved VS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>ART use among those aware of their HIV status is encouraging. However, the generally low awareness of infection status among FSW and MSM\/TGW with HIV and the low VS among FSW on ART indicate an urgent need for innovative strategies to increase testing uptake and ART adherence among these populations. Monitoring drug resistance may be warranted.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2019-053961","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,10]],"date-time":"2019-06-10T21:15:58Z","timestamp":1560201358000},"page":"143-150","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Considerable distance to reach 90-90-90 targets among female sex workers, men who have sex with men and transgender women in Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea: findings from a cross-sectional respondent-driven sampling survey"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"96","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6754-6241","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Avi J","family":"Hakim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Steven G","family":"Badman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Damian","family":"Weikum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Angelyne","family":"Amos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Barne","family":"Willie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Narokobi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Josephine","family":"Gabuzzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Pekon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martha","family":"Kupul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Parker","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Herick","family":"Aeno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ruthy","family":"Neo Boli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joshua","family":"Nembari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sophie","family":"Ase","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John M","family":"Kaldor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew J","family":"Vallely","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Angela","family":"Kelly-Hanku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024092304051238000_96.2.143.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.345.6193.158"},{"key":"2024092304051238000_96.2.143.2","unstructured":"Secretariat PNAC . Papua New Guinea HIV prevalence 2012 estimates. Port Moresby, 2013."},{"key":"2024092304051238000_96.2.143.3","unstructured":"UNAIDS . Papua New Guinea | UNAIDS, 2017. Available: http:\/\/www.unaids.org\/en\/regionscountries\/countries\/papuanewguinea\/"},{"key":"2024092304051238000_96.2.143.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2194","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-015-1096-9","article-title":"Prevalence and correlates of HIV infection among sex workers in Papua New Guinea: first results from the Papua New Guinea and Australia sexual health improvement project (PASHIP)","volume":"19","author":"Wand","year":"2015","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"key":"2024092304051238000_96.2.143.5","unstructured":"Maibani GRC , Lote N , Edward G , et al . Papua New Guinea - Australia Sexual Health Improvement Program. Report on the Baseline Survey. Goroka: PNG Institute of Medical Research, 2011."},{"key":"2024092304051238000_96.2.143.6","unstructured":"Kelly A , Kupul M , Man WYN , et al . Ask and understand): people who sell and\/or exchange sex in Port Moresby. Key quantitative findings. Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research and the University of New South Wales: Sydney, Australia, 2011."},{"key":"2024092304051238000_96.2.143.7","unstructured":"Secretariat P . Papua New Guinea national HIV and AIDS strategy 2011-2015. 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