{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T18:15:45Z","timestamp":1774289745207,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,29]],"date-time":"2019-10-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1572307200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Sex Transm Infect"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,6]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>We aimed to characterise gonorrhoea transmission patterns in a diverse urban population by linking genomic, epidemiological and antimicrobial susceptibility data.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Neisseria gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic>isolates from patients attending sexual health clinics at Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK, during an 11-month period underwent whole-genome sequencing and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. We combined laboratory and patient data to investigate the transmission network structure.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>One hundred and fifty-eight isolates from 158 patients were available with associated descriptive data. One hundred and twenty-nine (82%) patients identified as male and 25 (16%) as female; four (3%) records lacked gender information. Self-described ethnicities were: 51 (32%) English\/Welsh\/Scottish; 33 (21%) white, other; 23 (15%) black British\/black African\/black, other; 12 (8%) Caribbean; 9 (6%) South Asian; 6 (4%) mixed ethnicity; and 10 (6%) other; data were missing for 14 (9%). Self-reported sexual orientations were 82 (52%) men who have sex with men (MSM); 49 (31%) heterosexual; 2 (1%) bisexual; data were missing for 25 individuals. Twenty-two (14%) patients were HIV positive. Whole-genome sequence data were generated for 151 isolates, which linked 75 (50%) patients to at least one other case. Using sequencing data, we found no evidence of transmission networks related to specific ethnic groups (p=0.64) or of HIV serosorting (p=0.35). Of 82 MSM\/bisexual patients with sequencing data, 45 (55%) belonged to clusters of \u22652 cases, compared with 16\/44 (36%) heterosexuals with sequencing data (p=0.06).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>We demonstrate links between 50% of patients in transmission networks using a relatively small sample in a large cosmopolitan city. We found no evidence of HIV serosorting. Our results do not support assortative selectivity as an explanation for differences in gonorrhoea incidence between ethnic groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2019-054025","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,29]],"date-time":"2019-10-29T21:15:47Z","timestamp":1572383747000},"page":"106-109","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Ethnically diverse urban transmission networks of<i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae<\/i>without evidence of HIV serosorting"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"96","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5689-7975","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jayshree","family":"Dave","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Paul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas Joshua","family":"Pasvol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andy","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fiona","family":"Warburton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Cole","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5995-9422","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Victoria Fotini","family":"Miari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Stabler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5095-6367","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David W","family":"Eyre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024092304051226000_96.2.106.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1002344","article-title":"Antimicrobial resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae: Global surveillance and a call for international collaborative action","volume":"14","author":"Wi","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"2024092304051226000_96.2.106.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(16)30157-8"},{"key":"2024092304051226000_96.2.106.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2017-053198"},{"key":"2024092304051226000_96.2.106.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-018-3533-7","article-title":"Differences in Chlamydia trachomatis seroprevalence between ethnic groups cannot be fully explained by socioeconomic status, sexual healthcare seeking behavior or sexual risk behavior: a cross-sectional analysis in the Healthy Life in an Urban Setting (HELIUS) study","volume":"18","author":"Hulstein","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024092304051226000_96.2.106.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.77.1.15"},{"key":"2024092304051226000_96.2.106.6","unstructured":"EUCAST . Clinical Breakpoints-Bacteria (v6.0). 2016. The European Committee on antimicrobial susceptibility testing. breakpoint tables for interpretation of MICs and zone diameters. version 6.0, 2016. Available: http:\/\/www.eucast.org\/fileadmin\/src\/media\/PDFs\/EUCAST files\/ Break point tables\/v 6.0. 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