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Meta-analyses and metaregressions were conducted.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Finding<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>102 relevant reports were identified including 13 overall incidence measures, 163 overall (and 402 stratified) seroprevalence measures, and 7 and 10 proportions of virus detection in genital ulcer disease and in genital herpes, respectively. Pooled mean seroprevalence was 20.6% (95% CI 18.7% to 22.5%) in general populations, 33.3% (95% CI 26.0% to 41.0%) in intermediate-risk populations, 74.8% (95% CI 70.6% to 78.8%) in female sex workers, and 54.6% (95% CI 47.4% to 61.7%) in male sex workers, men who have sex with men and transgender people. In general populations, seroprevalence increased from 9.6% (95% CI 7.1% to 12.4%) in those aged &lt;20 years to 17.9% (95% CI 13.6% to 22.5%) in those aged 20\u201330, 27.6% (95% CI 21.4% to 34.2%) in those aged 30\u201340 and 38.4% (95% CI 32.8% to 44.2%) in those aged &gt;40. Compared with women, men had lower seroprevalence with an adjusted risk ratio (ARR) of 0.68 (95% CI 0.60 to 0.76). Seroprevalence declined by 2% per year over the last three decades (ARR of 0.98, 95% CI 0.97 to 0.99). Pooled mean proportions of HSV-2 detection in GUD and genital herpes were 41.4% (95% CI 18.9% to 67.0%) and 91.1% (95% CI 82.7% to 97.2%), respectively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>One in five adults is HSV-2 infected, a higher level than other world regions, but seroprevalence is declining. Despite this decline, HSV-2 persists as the aetiological cause of nearly half of GUD cases and almost all of genital herpes cases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2021-054972","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,4]],"date-time":"2021-06-04T13:37:16Z","timestamp":1622813836000},"page":"490-500","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Epidemiology of herpes simplex virus type 2 in Latin America and the Caribbean: systematic review, meta-analyses and metaregressions"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"97","author":[{"given":"Manale","family":"Harfouche","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haifa","family":"Maalmi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0790-0506","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laith J","family":"Abu-Raddad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024092104000611000_97.7.490.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.19.237149"},{"key":"2024092104000611000_97.7.490.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0002230"},{"key":"2024092104000611000_97.7.490.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-121-11-199412010-00004"},{"key":"2024092104000611000_97.7.490.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/504717"},{"key":"2024092104000611000_97.7.490.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.285.24.3100"},{"key":"2024092104000611000_97.7.490.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200003233421203"},{"key":"2024092104000611000_97.7.490.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00023210-200519040-00003"},{"key":"2024092104000611000_97.7.490.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1552-6909.2009.01026.x"},{"key":"2024092104000611000_97.7.490.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61908-4"},{"key":"2024092104000611000_97.7.490.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.2004.011619"},{"key":"2024092104000611000_97.7.490.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e300","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(16)30362-X","article-title":"First estimates of the global and regional incidence of neonatal herpes infection","volume":"5","author":"Looker","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health"},{"key":"2024092104000611000_97.7.490.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2017-053336"},{"key":"2024092104000611000_97.7.490.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.aids.0000198081.09337.a7"},{"key":"2024092104000611000_97.7.490.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(17)30405-X"},{"key":"2024092104000611000_97.7.490.15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(19)30470-0","article-title":"Global and regional estimates of the contribution of herpes simplex virus type 2 infection to HIV incidence: a population attributable fraction analysis using published epidemiological data","volume":"20","author":"Looker","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024092104000611000_97.7.490.16","unstructured":"United Nations . 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