{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T02:46:56Z","timestamp":1774925216678,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"4","funder":[{"name":"COPAN Italia S.p.A.","award":["Provided swabs for self-sampling for free."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Provided swabs for self-sampling for free."]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Sex Transm Infect"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,9]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>In this study, we compared the performance of a self-administered point-of-care test (POCT) for anal human papillomavirus (HPV) screening with laboratory gold-standard test in pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) users and evaluated its feasibility.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>We enrolled PrEP users from a local community-based PrEP service. Each participant self-collected an anal swab to test anal HPV with a PCR POCT capable of detecting 14 high-risk HPV genotypes. Anonymous questionnaires on self-sampling feasibility were completed. Participants were then referred to local clinics to undergo standard viral genotyping. Concordance between POCT and gold-standard test was measured with absolute agreement and Cohen\u2019s kappa. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to calculate POCT sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>179 subjects got a valid POCT result, most of them men (98.3%) and men who have sex with men (90.4%). 68.2% tested positive for at least one high-risk HPV genotype on POCT. 150 feasibility questionnaires were collected: 92.7% of compilers found the self-swab easy to perform. For 178 subjects, a gold-standard test valid result was also available: 77% tested positive for at least one high-risk HPV genotype. The median time elapsed between the two tests was 9.8 months, due to COVID-19-related service interruptions. Agreement between POCT and gold-standard test was 79.3% (Cohen\u2019s kappa=0.49). POCT showed a sensitivity of 81.0%, a specificity of 73.8%, a PPV of 91.0% and an NPV of 54.4%.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>POCT showed a moderate agreement with gold-standard test and a discrete sensitivity and specificity, suggesting that it could be a useful and feasible additional tool for HPV screening, especially in low-resource and community-based settings.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2023-055939","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,19]],"date-time":"2024-04-19T17:20:17Z","timestamp":1713547217000},"page":"252-255","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Performance evaluation of a self-administered point-of-care test for anal HPV screening in PrEP users: data from a community-based PrEP service"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"100","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-8231-7587","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Biasioli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4965-8789","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roberto","family":"Rossotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Tavelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"De Bona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Camilla","family":"Tincati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniele","family":"Calzavara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pietro","family":"Vinti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Baiguera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Federico","family":"D\u2019Amico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alice","family":"Nava","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Repossi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simona","family":"Bossolasco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Camilla","family":"Muccini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Mul\u00e8","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniele","family":"Tesoro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonella","family":"d'Arminio Monforte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Massimo","family":"Cernuschi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024062021351735000_100.4.252.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S179","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciac044","article-title":"Anal cancer screening and prevention: summary of evidence reviewed for the 2021 centers for disease control and prevention sexually transmitted infection guidelines","volume":"74","author":"Barroso","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024062021351735000_100.4.252.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.33185"},{"key":"2024062021351735000_100.4.252.3","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO) . WHO Guideline for Screening and Treatment of Cervical Pre-Cancer Lesions for Cervical Cancer Prevention. 2nd edn. World Health Organization, 2021."},{"key":"2024062021351735000_100.4.252.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"978","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0000000000002672","article-title":"Xpert HPV as a screening tool for Anal histologic high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions in women living with HIV","volume":"87","author":"Ellsworth","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"key":"2024062021351735000_100.4.252.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.1111\/hiv.12661","article-title":"Interest of Cytology combined with Xpert\u00ae HPV and Anyplex\u00ae II Hpv28 detection human Papillomavirus (HPV) typing: differential profiles of Anal and Cervical HPV lesions in HIV-infected patients on antiretroviral therapy","volume":"19","author":"Nassereddine","year":"2018","journal-title":"HIV Med"},{"key":"2024062021351735000_100.4.252.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mbulawa ZZA , Wilkin T , Goeieman BJ , et al . Prevalence of Anal human Papillomavirus (HPV) and performance of Cepheid Xpert and hybrid capture 2 (Hc2) HPV assays in South African HIV-infected women. Am J Clin Pathol 2017;148\u201353. doi:10.1093\/ajcp\/aqx050","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/aqx050"},{"key":"2024062021351735000_100.4.252.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2022-055447"},{"key":"2024062021351735000_100.4.252.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e83","DOI":"10.3747\/co.25.3856","article-title":"HIV-positive MSM\u2019s knowledge of HPV and Anal cancer self-sampling: a Scoping review","volume":"25","author":"Poon","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr Oncol"},{"key":"2024062021351735000_100.4.252.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2022-055408"},{"key":"2024062021351735000_100.4.252.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjgh-2018-001351","article-title":"Self-sampling for human papillomavirus (HPV) testing: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"4","author":"Yeh","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ Glob Health"}],"container-title":["Sexually Transmitted Infections"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/sextrans-2023-055939","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,24]],"date-time":"2024-06-24T19:31:21Z","timestamp":1719257481000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/sti.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/sextrans-2023-055939"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,19]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,31]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/sextrans-2023-055939"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/sextrans-2023-055939","relation":{},"ISSN":["1368-4973","1472-3263"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1368-4973","type":"print"},{"value":"1472-3263","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,19]]}}}