{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T13:41:27Z","timestamp":1759930887182,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Sex Transm Infect"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,18]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) is a sexually transmitted infection caused by <jats:italic>Chlamydia trachomatis ompA<\/jats:italic>-genotypes L1\u2013L3, with increasing numbers of detected cases across Europe. Here, we analysed diversity and temporal distribution of the LGV <jats:italic>ompA<\/jats:italic>-subvariants detected in Portugal between 2007 and 2023, in order to better understand the dissemination and diversification landscape of LGV strains.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The collection of the Portuguese National Reference Laboratory includes 1188 LGV <jats:italic>ompA<\/jats:italic>-genotyped samples between 2007 and 2023. In-depth analysis of the diversity of LGV <jats:italic>ompA<\/jats:italic>-subvariants circulating in Portugal across the years was performed, identifying newly described subvariants and integrating this data in a comprehensive compilation with all representative LGV <jats:italic>ompA<\/jats:italic>-subvariants described globally.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>L2 <jats:italic>ompA<\/jats:italic>-variant (L2\/434\/Bu) was consistently the most frequently detected in our collection, with annual proportions ranging from 34.0% to 82.9%, between 2016 and 2023. L2bV5 was the second most frequent followed by L2b, ranging from 5.0% to 27.9% and 2.6% to 23.7% across the years, respectively, from 2017 to 2023. We highlighted the emergence and considerable increase in circulation of L1-like <jats:italic>ompA<\/jats:italic>-subvariants in recent years, representing 13.7% of LGV sequences in 2023. We also identified 13 novel LGV <jats:italic>ompA<\/jats:italic>-subvariants that had not been described before, differing by up to three mutations from the respective genotype reference sequences.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study contributes to the worldwide picture of the LGV molecular epidemiology, highlighting the importance of long-term molecular surveillance to monitor the circulation and geographical spread of LGV and to timely identify and track new strains, such as the recently emerging L1-like <jats:italic>ompA<\/jats:italic>-subvariants.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2024-056427","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,6]],"date-time":"2025-02-06T22:35:13Z","timestamp":1738881313000},"page":"374-379","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) <i>ompA<\/i>-subvariants of the Portuguese collection of <i>Chlamydia trachomatis<\/i>, 2007\u20132023"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"101","author":[{"given":"Zohra","family":"Lodhia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Reference Laboratory (NRL) for Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI), Department of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health (Instituto Nacional de Sa\u00fade Doutor Ricardo Jorge, INSA, IP), Lisbon, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dora","family":"Cordeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Reference Laboratory (NRL) for Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI), Department of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health (Instituto Nacional de Sa\u00fade Doutor Ricardo Jorge, INSA, IP), Lisbon, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Correia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Reference Laboratory (NRL) for Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI), Department of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health (Instituto Nacional de Sa\u00fade Doutor Ricardo Jorge, INSA, IP), Lisbon, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"In\u00eas","family":"Jo\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Reference Laboratory (NRL) for Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI), Department of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health (Instituto Nacional de Sa\u00fade Doutor Ricardo Jorge, INSA, IP), Lisbon, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Teresa","family":"Carreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Reference Laboratory (NRL) for Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI), Department of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health (Instituto Nacional de Sa\u00fade Doutor Ricardo Jorge, INSA, IP), Lisbon, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Nunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genomics and Bioinformatics Unit, Department of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health (Instituto Nacional de Sa\u00fade Doutor Ricardo Jorge, INSA, IP), Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"Animal and Veterinary Research Centre (CECAV), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lus\u00f3fona University-Lisbon University Centre, Lisbon, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rita","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genomics and Bioinformatics Unit, Department of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health (Instituto Nacional de Sa\u00fade Doutor Ricardo Jorge, INSA, IP), Lisbon, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Sch\u00e4fer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Pathology Department, Unidade Local de Sa\u00fade Amadora Sintra, Amadora, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elzara","family":"Aliyeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Pathology Department, Unidade Local de Sa\u00fade Amadora Sintra, Amadora, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Clara","family":"Portugal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Pathology Department, Unidade Local de Sa\u00fade Amadora Sintra, Amadora, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Isabel","family":"Monge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Pathology Department, Unidade Local de Sa\u00fade Amadora Sintra, Amadora, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elsa","family":"Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Department of Clinical Pathology, Unidade Local de Sa\u00fade Lisboa Ocidental, Lisbon, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susana","family":"Matos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Department of Clinical Pathology, Unidade Local de Sa\u00fade Lisboa Ocidental, Lisbon, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana Paula","family":"Dias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Department of Clinical Pathology, Unidade Local de Sa\u00fade Lisboa Ocidental, Lisbon, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rita","family":"Corte-Real","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Clinical Pathology, Unidade Local de Sa\u00fade S\u00e3o Jos\u00e9 \u2013 Centro Cl\u00ednico Acad\u00e9mico de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lu\u00eds","family":"Vieira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Technology and Innovation Unit, Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Health (Instituto Nacional de Sa\u00fade Doutor Ricardo Jorge, INSA, IP), Lisbon, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joao Paulo","family":"Gomes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genomics and Bioinformatics Unit, Department of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health (Instituto Nacional de Sa\u00fade Doutor Ricardo Jorge, INSA, IP), Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"Animal and Veterinary Research Centre (CECAV), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lus\u00f3fona University-Lisbon University Centre, Lisbon, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"V\u00edtor","family":"Borges","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genomics and Bioinformatics Unit, Department of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health (Instituto Nacional de Sa\u00fade Doutor Ricardo Jorge, INSA, IP), Lisbon, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8604-8800","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria","family":"Jose Borrego","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Reference Laboratory (NRL) for Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI), Department of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health (Instituto Nacional de Sa\u00fade Doutor Ricardo Jorge, INSA, IP), Lisbon, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082809551095000_101.6.374.1","unstructured":"European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control . European centre for disease prevention and control. lymphogranuloma venereum. 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of Lymphogranuloma Venereum (LGV) strains of Chlamydia trachomatis in London using multi-locus VNTR analysis-ompA genotyping (MLVA-ompA)","volume":"16","author":"Manning","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2025082809551095000_101.6.374.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2300520","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.19.2300520","article-title":"Anorectal lymphogranuloma venereum among men who have sex with men: a 3-year nationwide survey, France, 2020 to 2022","volume":"29","author":"Peuchant","year":"2024","journal-title":"Euro Surveill"},{"key":"2025082809551095000_101.6.374.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1107.040883"},{"key":"2025082809551095000_101.6.374.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2019-053972"},{"key":"2025082809551095000_101.6.374.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2020-054700"},{"key":"2025082809551095000_101.6.374.16","article-title":"Chlamydia trachomatis: when the 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Infections"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/sextrans-2024-056427","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T13:04:01Z","timestamp":1759928641000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/sti.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/sextrans-2024-056427"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,6]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/sextrans-2024-056427"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/sextrans-2024-056427","relation":{},"ISSN":["1368-4973","1472-3263"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1368-4973"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1472-3263"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,6]]}}}