{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,9]],"date-time":"2026-11-09T11:26:38Z","timestamp":1794223598750,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,6]],"date-time":"2025-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751760000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016016","name":"Gilead UK and Ireland Corporate Contributions","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016016","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Sex Transm Infect"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,6]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To quantify how many people in England could benefit from using pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) to prevent HIV acquisition (PrEP need), and of these, the number who did not access PrEP (unmet need) by population group and ethnicity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An established multiplier method was applied using published data from a behavioural survey of gay, bisexual and men who have sex with men (GBMSM) and national data on UK-acquired new HIV diagnoses categorised by ethnicity and probable HIV exposure route.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>After calculating the number of GBMSM who could benefit from PrEP, the number of people in other groups who could benefit from PrEP was calculated using the relative proportion of new HIV diagnoses within each group. The proportion of new HIV diagnoses by ethnicity was then used to calculate the number of people who could benefit from PrEP by ethnicity.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>Within each subgroup (population group and ethnicity), the number with unmet need for PrEP was calculated by subtracting those who accessed PrEP at a specialist sexual health service (SHS) from the estimated number who could benefit from PrEP.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In 2023, there were an estimated 485\u2009335 people who could benefit from PrEP in England, 80.1% (n=388\u2009773) of whom did not access PrEP from an SHS\u2014and of these, 94.5% (n=367\u2009444) did not attend an SHS. There were 129\u2009359 heterosexual women with unmet PrEP need, 93\u2009049 GBMSM and 88\u2009204 heterosexual men. There were three ethnicities for which &gt;85% of people with PrEP need did not access PrEP: Black African (98.6%), Black other (96.3%) and Black Caribbean (85.4%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The findings indicate a considerable unmet need for PrEP in England. Most people with unmet need did not attend an SHS, highlighting an urgent need to raise awareness of the benefits of PrEP and expand PrEP access to additional settings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2024-056456","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,6]],"date-time":"2025-07-06T19:25:19Z","timestamp":1751829919000},"page":"506-512","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Estimating the number of people who could benefit from HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in England and the unmet need"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"101","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2854-7441","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susie E","family":"Huntington","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Aquarius Population Health Ltd, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0142-4975","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laurel","family":"Bates","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aquarius Population Health Ltd, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2666-0125","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Flavien","family":"Coukan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Primary Care and Public Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4222-9394","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elisabeth Jane","family":"Adams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aquarius Population Health Ltd, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025111702300785000_101.8.506.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e790","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3018(23)00256-4","article-title":"HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis and its implementation in the PrEP Impact Trial in England: a pragmatic health technology assessment","volume":"10","author":"Sullivan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet HIV"},{"key":"2025111702300785000_101.8.506.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)00056-2"},{"key":"2025111702300785000_101.8.506.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2407001"},{"key":"2025111702300785000_101.8.506.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2411858"},{"key":"2025111702300785000_101.8.506.5","unstructured":"NHS . About pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). NHS medicines information about PrEP \u2013 what it\u2019s used for and key facts. 2023. Available: https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/medicines\/pre-exposure-prophylaxis-prep\/about-pre-exposure-prophylaxis-prep\/ [Accessed 23 Sep 2024]."},{"key":"2025111702300785000_101.8.506.6","first-page":"s2","article-title":"BHIVA\/BASHH guidelines on the use of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) 2018","volume":"20 Suppl 2","author":"Brady","year":"2019","journal-title":"HIV Med"},{"key":"2025111702300785000_101.8.506.7","unstructured":"Guideline writing group. Draft BASHH\/BHIVA guidelines on the use of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Draft out for consultation. 2024. Available: https:\/\/www.bashh.org\/_userfiles\/pages\/files\/draft_bashh_bhiva_prep_guidelines_240924_v30_final.pdf"},{"key":"2025111702300785000_101.8.506.8","unstructured":"Aidsmap . How to get PrEP in the UK. 2021. 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Pre-exposure prophylaxis need and use at specialist sexual health services, by demographic group: England, 2021 to 2023. 2024. Available: https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/statistics\/hiv-annual-data-tables"},{"key":"2025111702300785000_101.8.506.16","unstructured":"HIV Prevention England Conference . Prioritising equity and impact. London, UK, 2024. Available: https:\/\/www.hivpreventionengland.org.uk\/2024\/09\/11\/hiv-prevention-england-conference-2024-presentations-and-talks\/"},{"key":"2025111702300785000_101.8.506.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2018.05.003"},{"key":"2025111702300785000_101.8.506.18","unstructured":"UKHSA . Investigation into monkeypox outbreak in England: technical briefing 8. Table 6. 2024. 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Available: https:\/\/www.tht.org.uk\/about-us\/what-we-do\/our-campaigns\/ensuring-equitable-access-prep [Accessed 18 Oct 2024]."},{"key":"2025111702300785000_101.8.506.23","unstructured":"NHS . Free at home HIV tests. Available: https:\/\/freetesting.hiv\/ [Accessed 18 Oct 2024]."},{"key":"2025111702300785000_101.8.506.24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2017-053193"},{"key":"2025111702300785000_101.8.506.25","unstructured":"Medicines advice: cabotegravir (Apretude). Scottish Medicines Consortium; 2025. Available: https:\/\/scottishmedicines.org.uk\/medicines-advice\/cabotegravir-apretude-full-smc2718\/ [Accessed 04 Jul 2025]."}],"container-title":["Sexually Transmitted Infections"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/sextrans-2024-056456","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,17]],"date-time":"2025-11-17T10:30:35Z","timestamp":1763375435000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/sti.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/sextrans-2024-056456"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,6]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,17]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/sextrans-2024-056456"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/sextrans-2024-056456","relation":{},"ISSN":["1368-4973","1472-3263"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1368-4973","type":"print"},{"value":"1472-3263","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,6]]}}}