{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,5]],"date-time":"2022-04-05T02:14:06Z","timestamp":1649124846926},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1-2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sexually Transmitted Infections"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1942,1,1]]},"DOI":"10.1136\/sti.18.1-2.38","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,12]],"date-time":"2008-11-12T20:25:47Z","timestamp":1226521547000},"page":"38-47","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["V. Observations on the Lipoid Reinforcement of Antigens in the Gonococcal Complement Fixation Test"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"A. I.","family":"Messer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A. E. W.","family":"McLachlan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/10.8.527","volume":"10","author":"LORENZ, W.F.","year":"1940","unstructured":"LORENZ, W. F. (1940), Amer. J. Clin. Path., 10, 527.","journal-title":"Clin. Path"},{"key":"ref_2","article-title":"It is dismissed, for example, by Kolle and Hetsch","year":"1934","unstructured":"It is dismissed, for example, by Kolle and Hetsch (1934)"},{"key":"ref_3","article-title":"as \" of no value for diagnosis, for the methods at present in use do not give sufficiently reliable results.\" On the other hand Price","volume-title":"has obtained results which would place the test on much the same level as the Wassermann reaction as regards sensitivity and specificity","year":"1933","unstructured":"as \" of no value for diagnosis, for the methods at present in use do not give sufficiently reliable results.\" On the other hand Price (1933) has obtained results which would place the test on much the same level as the Wassermann reaction as regards sensitivity and specificity, but Jacoby, Wishengrad, and Koopman (1938) report I3.4% of non-specific reactions with Price's technique and conclude that \" the complement fixation test for gonorrhoea... has but a limited usefulness and is not reliable for diagnostic purposes."},{"key":"ref_4","article-title":"introduced an antigen of a new type. This was intended primarily for use as a therapeutic vaccine. It is described as a \"soluble gonotoxin\" containing no killed or living gonococcal bodies, but only the \" ectoand endo-toxins,\" and is apparently the fluid obtained by centrifuging a broth culture (the composition of this medium is not stated) in which gonococci have been grown to exhaustion, i.e., in effect a gonococcal \" antivirus.\" This preparation was marketed in Germany under the name of \" Compligon \" and used as an antigen in gonococcal complement fixation tests. As such it has been the subject of favourable reports","author":"Wolffenstein; Pieper","year":"1931","unstructured":"Wolffenstein and Pieper (1931) introduced an antigen of a new type. This was intended primarily for use as a therapeutic vaccine. It is described as a \"soluble gonotoxin\" containing no killed or living gonococcal bodies, but only the \" ectoand endo-toxins,\" and is apparently the fluid obtained by centrifuging a broth culture (the composition of this medium is not stated) in which gonococci have been grown to exhaustion, i.e., in effect a gonococcal \" antivirus.\" This preparation was marketed in Germany under the name of \" Compligon \" and used as an antigen in gonococcal complement fixation tests. As such it has been the subject of favourable reports. (Retzlaff, 1932."},{"key":"ref_5","author":"935","unstructured":"Poehlmann, I935.)"},{"key":"ref_6","article-title":"The complement fixation technique employed corresponded in essentials to that of","volume-title":"I Wassermann method (Report, I929), using the larger amount of patient's serum recommended by Wyler","author":"No, M.R.C.","year":"1932","unstructured":"The complement fixation technique employed corresponded in essentials to that of the M.R.C. No. I Wassermann method (Report, I929), using the larger amount of patient's serum recommended by Wyler (1932). Complement consisted of pooled guinea-pig serum preserved by the addition of boric acid and sodium acetate (Osborn, I937; Green, I938), 3 m.h.d. being used for the serum controls and tubes with 3 and 4 m.h.d. for the test proper. Fixation was allowed to proceed for 30 mins. at room temperature, followed by 30 mins. at 370 C. After adding sensitised cells the tubes were returned to the water bath and the results read as soon as lysis was complete in the negative control. Parallel tests were set up with (a) Compligon diluted I in 5 with saline, and (b) Compligon reinforced as described above. The results, differentiated simply as positive, doubtful, and negative are set out in Table I."},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"237","volume":"84","author":"D'ALESSANDRO, G.; SOFIA, F.","year":"1935","unstructured":"D'ALESSANDRO, G., and SOFIA, F. (1935) Z. 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Dermat"},{"key":"ref_12","first-page":"233","volume":"85","author":"FISCHER, 0.; GUNSBERGER, 0. D","year":"1935","unstructured":"FISCHER, 0.; and GUNSBERGER, 0. D. (1935) Z. Immunforsch., 85, 233.","journal-title":"Z. Immunforsch"},{"key":"ref_13","first-page":"468","article-title":"Arch.f","volume":"159","author":"FREUDENTHAL, W.; HEYMANN, K.","year":"1930","unstructured":"FREUDENTHAL, W., and HEYMANN, K. (1930) Arch.f. Dermat., 159, 468.","journal-title":"Dermat"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01721695","volume":"8","author":"FREUDENTHAL, W.; FISCHER, M.; STERN, M.","year":"1929","unstructured":"FREUDENTHAL, W., FISCHER, M., and STERN, M. (1929) Klin. Wschr., 8, 303.","journal-title":"Klin. Wschr"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1700460218","volume":"46","author":"GREEN, C.A.","year":"1938","unstructured":"GREEN, C. A. (1938) J. Path. Bact., 46, 382.","journal-title":"J. Path. 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Milford. 55)."},{"key":"ref_20","first-page":"69","article-title":"Brit","volume":"14","author":"OSMOND, T.E.","year":"1938","unstructured":"OSMOND, T. E. (1938) Brit. J. vener. Dis., 14, I69.","journal-title":"J. vener. Dis"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022172400009980","volume":"29","author":"OLIVER, J. 0","year":"1929","unstructured":"OLIVER, J. 0. (1929) J. Hyg., 29, 270.","journal-title":"J. Hyg"},{"key":"ref_22","first-page":"405","article-title":"Munch","volume":"82","author":"POEHLMANN, A.","year":"1935","unstructured":"POEHLMANN, A. (1935) Munch. med. Wschr., 82, 405.","journal-title":"med. Wschr"},{"key":"ref_23","series-title":"Med. Res. Council Spec. Rpt. Series. London; Med. Res. Council Spec. Rpt. Series. London","article-title":"The Complement Fixation Test for Gonorrhcea.","volume":"29","author":"PRICE, I. N. 0","year":"1933","unstructured":"PRICE, I. N. 0. (1933) \" The Complement Fixation Test for Gonorrhcea.\" (London County Council, Publication No. 2995.) REPORT (1923) Med. Res. Council Spec. Rpt. Series. London. No. I9. REPORT (1929) Med. Res. Council Spec. Rpt. Series. London. No. I29."},{"key":"ref_24","first-page":"2078","article-title":"Klin","volume":"11","author":"RETZLAFF, E.","year":"1932","unstructured":"RETZLAFF, E. (1932) Klin. Wschr., 11, 2078.","journal-title":"Wschr"},{"key":"ref_25","first-page":"23","article-title":"Urol","volume":"36","author":"RULLENS, P.","year":"1932","unstructured":"RULLENS, P. (1932) Urol. Cutan. Rev., 36, 23.","journal-title":"Cutan. Rev"},{"key":"ref_26","first-page":"297","article-title":"Gonorrhoea.","author":"THOMSON, D.","year":"1923","unstructured":"THOMSON, D. (1923) \" Gonorrhoea.\" London. Oxford Medical Publication, p. 297."},{"key":"ref_27","first-page":"354","volume":"10","author":"TULLOCH, W.J.","year":"1929","unstructured":"TULLOCH, W. J. (1929) Med. Res. 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