{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T10:40:14Z","timestamp":1768473614395,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sexually Transmitted Infections"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1991,12,1]]},"DOI":"10.1136\/sti.67.6.469","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,12]],"date-time":"2008-11-12T21:44:35Z","timestamp":1226526275000},"page":"469-474","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["The vagina of women infected with Trichomonas vaginalis has numerous proteinases and antibody to trichomonad proteinases."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"67","author":[{"given":"J F","family":"Alderete","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E","family":"Newton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C","family":"Dennis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K A","family":"Neale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"164","article-title":"Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of antibody to Trichomonas vaginalis: Use of whole cells and aqueous extract as antigen","volume":"60","author":"Alderete, J.F.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Alderete JF. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of antibody to Trichomonas vaginalis: Use of whole cells and aqueous extract as antigen. Br J Venereal Dis 1984;60:164-70.","journal-title":"Br J Venereal Dis"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"330","article-title":"Evaluation ofan enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of antibody to Trichomonas vaginalis in sera and vaginal secretions","volume":"58","author":"Street, D.A.; Taylor-Robinson, D.P.; Ackers, J.; Hanna, N.F.; McMillan, A.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Street DA, Taylor-Robinson DP, Ackers J, Hanna NF, McMillan A. Evaluation ofan enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of antibody to Trichomonas vaginalis in sera and vaginal secretions. Br J Venereal Dis 1982;58:330-3.","journal-title":"Br J Venereal Dis"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"852","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.37.3.852-857.1982","article-title":"Antibody to Trichomonas vaginalis in human cervicovaginal secretions","volume":"37","author":"Su, K.W.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Su KW. Antibody to Trichomonas vaginalis in human cervicovaginal secretions. Infect Immun 1982;37:852-7.","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"220","article-title":"Vaginal antibody of patients with trichomoniasis is to a prominent surface immunogen of Trichomonas vaginalis","volume":"67","author":"Alderete, J.F.; Newton, E.; Dennis, C.; Engbring, J.; Neale, K.A.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Alderete JF, Newton E, Dennis C, Engbring J, Neale KA. Vaginal antibody of patients with trichomoniasis is to a prominent surface immunogen of Trichomonas vaginalis. Genitourin Med 1991;67:220-5.","journal-title":"Genitourin Med"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2991","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.57.10.2991-2997.1989","article-title":"Trichomonas vaginalis proteinase activity is necessary for parasite cytadherence","volume":"57","author":"Arroyo, R.; Alderete, J.F.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Arroyo R, Alderete JF. Trichomonas vaginalis proteinase activity is necessary for parasite cytadherence. Infect Immun 1989; 57:2991-7.","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182000063204","article-title":"Characterization of a hemolysin of Trichomonas vaginalis","volume":"101","author":"Dailey, D.C.; Chang, T.; Alderete, J.F.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Dailey DC, Chang T, Alderete JF. Characterization of a hemolysin of Trichomonas vaginalis. Parasitology 1990;101: 171-75.","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2165","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.171.6.2165","article-title":"Specific erythrocyte binding is an additional nutrient acquisition system for Trichomonas vaginalis","volume":"171","author":"Lehker, M.W.; Chang, T.H.; Dailey, D.C.; Alderete, J.F.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Lehker MW, Chang TH, Dailey DC, Alderete JF. Specific erythrocyte binding is an additional nutrient acquisition system for Trichomonas vaginalis. J Exp Med 1990;171: 2165-70.","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-6851(87)90119-8","article-title":"The use of a highly sensitive electrophoretic method to compare the proteinases of trichomonads","volume":"24","author":"Lockwood, B.C.; North, M.J.; Scott, K.I.; Bremner, A.F.; Coombs, G.H.","year":"1987","unstructured":"Lockwood BC, North MJ, Scott KI, Bremner AF, Coombs GH. The use of a highly sensitive electrophoretic method to compare the proteinases of trichomonads. Mol Biochem Parasitol 1987;24:89-95.","journal-title":"Mol Biochem Parasitol"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.58.1.157-162.1990","article-title":"Analysis of the proteinases of representative Trichomonas vaginalis isolates","volume":"58","author":"Neale, K.A.; Alderete, J.F.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Neale KA, Alderete JF. Analysis of the proteinases of representative Trichomonas vaginalis isolates. Infect Immun 1990;58:157-62.","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-6851(88)90106-5","article-title":"The release of hydrolases from Trichomonas vaginalis and Tritrichomonws foetus","volume":"30","author":"Lockwood, B.C.; North, M.J.; Coombs, G.H.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Lockwood BC, North MJ, Coombs GH. The release of hydrolases from Trichomonas vaginalis and Tritrichomonws foetus. Molec Biochem Parasitol 1988;30:135-42.","journal-title":"Molec Biochem Parasitol"},{"key":"ref_11","first-page":"331","article-title":"Antibody in sera of patients infected with Trichomonas vaginalis is to trichomonad proteinases","volume":"67","author":"Alderete, J.F.; Newton, E.; Dennis, C.; Neale, K.A.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Alderete JF, Newton E, Dennis C, Neale KA. Antibody in sera of patients infected with Trichomonas vaginalis is to trichomonad proteinases. Genitourin Med 1991;67:331-4.","journal-title":"Genitourin Med"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/156.5.777","article-title":"Evidence for a correlation between proteinase secretion and vulvovaginal candidosis","volume":"156","author":"Cassone, A.; de Bernardis, F.; Mondello, F.; Ceddia, T.; Agatensi, L.","year":"1987","unstructured":"Cassone A, de Bernardis F, Mondello F, Ceddia T, Agatensi L. Evidence for a correlation between proteinase secretion and vulvovaginal candidosis. J Infect Dis 1987;156:777-83.","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2598","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.27.11.2598-2603.1989","article-title":"Isolation, acid proteinase secretion, and experimental pathogenicity of Candida parapsilosis from outpatients with vaginitis","volume":"27","author":"de Barnardis F; R, Lorenzini; R, Verticchio; L, Agatensi; A, Cassone","year":"1989","unstructured":"de Barnardis F, Lorenzini R, Verticchio R, Agatensi L, Cassone A. Isolation, acid proteinase secretion, and experimental pathogenicity of Candida parapsilosis from outpatients with vaginitis. J Clin Microbiol 1989;27:2598-2603.","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"ref_14","first-page":"99","article-title":"Pathogenic Trichomonas vaginalis cytotoxicity to cell culture monolayers","volume":"60","author":"Alderete, J.F.; Pearlman, E.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Alderete JF, Pearlman E. Pathogenic Trichomonas vaginalis cytotoxicity to cell culture monolayers. Br J Venereal Dis 1984;60:99-105.","journal-title":"Br J Venereal Dis"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"778","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.50.3.778-786.1985","article-title":"Contact-dependent cytopathogenic mechanisms of Trichomonas vaginalis","volume":"50","author":"KriegerJN, Ravdin J.I.; MF, Rein","year":"1985","unstructured":"KriegerJN, Ravdin JI, Rein MF. Contact-dependent cytopathogenic mechanisms of Trichomonas vaginalis. Infect Immun 1985;50:778-86.","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1548","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.27.7.1548-1553.1989","article-title":"Isolation ofa celldetaching factor of Trichomonas vaginalis","volume":"27","author":"Garber, G.E.; Lemchuk-Favel, L.T.; Bowie, W.R.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Garber GE, Lemchuk-Favel LT, Bowie WR. Isolation ofa celldetaching factor of Trichomonas vaginalis. J Clin Microbiol 1989;27:1548-55.","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.23.4.672-678.1986","article-title":"Growth and cytopathogenicity of Trichomonas vaginalis in tissue cultures","volume":"23","author":"Pindak, F.F.; WA, Jr, Gardner; de Pindak, M.M.","year":"1986","unstructured":"Pindak FF, Gardner WA Jr, de Pindak MM. Growth and cytopathogenicity of Trichomonas vaginalis in tissue cultures. J Clin Microbial 1986;23:672-8.","journal-title":"J Clin Microbial"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.2307\/3274682","article-title":"The establishment of various trichomonads of animals and man in axenic cultures","volume":"43","author":"Diamond, L.S.","year":"1957","unstructured":"Diamond LS. The establishment of various trichomonads of animals and man in axenic cultures. J Parasitol 1957;43: 488-90.","journal-title":"J Parasitol"},{"issue":"55","key":"ref_19","first-page":"1037","article-title":"Phenotype and protein\/epitope phenotypic variation among fresh isolates of Trichomona vaginalis","volume":"1987","author":"Alderete, J.F.; Demes, P.; Gombosova, A.; Valent, M.; Janoska, A.; Fabusova, H.; Kasmala, L.; Metcalfe, E.C.","unstructured":"Alderete JF, Demes P, Gombosova A, Valent M, Janoska A, Fabusova H, Kasmala L, Metcalfe EC. Phenotype and protein\/epitope phenotypic variation among fresh isolates of Trichomona vaginalis. Infect Immun 1987-55:1037-41.","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2558","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.56.10.2558-2562.1988","article-title":"Specific parasitism by Trichomonas vaginalis of purified vaginal epithelial cells","volume":"56","author":"Alderete, J.F.; Demes, P.; Gombosova, A.; Valent, M.; Janoska, A.; Stefanovic, J.; Arroyo, R.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Alderete JF, Demes P, Gombosova A, Valent M, Janoska A, Stefanovic J, Arroyo R. Specific parasitism by Trichomonas vaginalis of purified vaginal epithelial cells. Infect Immun 1988;56:2558-62.","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1038\/227680a0","article-title":"Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of the bacteriophage T4","volume":"227","author":"Laemmli, U.K.","year":"1970","unstructured":"Laemmli UK. Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of the bacteriophage T4. Nature 1970; 227:680-85.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1038\/337385a0","article-title":"Bacterial growth blocked by a synthetic peptide based on the structure of a human proteinase inhibitor","volume":"337","author":"Bjorck, L.; Akesson, P.; Bohus, M.; Trojnar, J.; Abrahamson, M.; Olafsson, I.; Grubb, A.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Bjorck L, Akesson P, Bohus M, Trojnar J, Abrahamson M, Olafsson I, Grubb A. Bacterial growth blocked by a synthetic peptide based on the structure of a human proteinase inhibitor. Nature 1989;337:385-6.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1929","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1990.00390200111021","article-title":"The limited value of symptoms and signs in the diagnosis of vaginal infections","volume":"150","author":"Schaaf, V.M.; Perez-Stable, E.J.; Borchardt, K.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Schaaf VM, Perez-Stable EJ, Borchardt K. The limited value of symptoms and signs in the diagnosis of vaginal infections. Arch Intern Med 1990;150:1929-33.","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1989.03420040109029","article-title":"Clinical manifestations of vaginal trichomoniasis","volume":"261","author":"Wlner-Hanssen, P.; Krieger, J.N.; Stevens, C.E.; Kiviat, N.B.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Wlner-Hanssen P, Krieger JN, Stevens CE, Kiviat NB, et al. Clinical manifestations of vaginal trichomoniasis. JAMA 1989;261:571-6.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/141.2.137","article-title":"Trichomonas vaginalis: reevaluation of its clinical presentation and laboratory diagnosis","volume":"141","author":"Fouts, A.C.; Kraus, S.J.","year":"1980","unstructured":"Fouts AC, Kraus SJ. Trichomonas vaginalis: reevaluation of its clinical presentation and laboratory diagnosis. J Infect Dis 1980;141:137-43.","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref_26","first-page":"193","article-title":"Properties of Trichomonas vaginalis grown under chemostat controlled growth conditions","volume":"66","author":"Lehker, M.W.; Alderete, J.F.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Lehker MW, Alderete JF. Properties of Trichomonas vaginalis grown under chemostat controlled growth conditions. Genitourin Med 1990;66:193-9.","journal-title":"Genitourin Med"}],"container-title":["Sexually Transmitted Infections"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,25]],"date-time":"2020-09-25T23:51:22Z","timestamp":1601077882000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/sti.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/sti.67.6.469"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1991,12,1]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1991,12,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/sti.67.6.469","relation":{},"ISSN":["1368-4973"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1368-4973","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1991,12,1]]}}}