{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T10:37:45Z","timestamp":1791196665965,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":8,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sex Transm Infect"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>OBJECTIVES: We studied the effect of small monetary incentives and non-monetary incentives of similar value on enrollment and participation in clinic based HIV\/STD prevention counselling. We examined incident STDs to try to assess whether participants offered money may be less motivated to change risky behaviours than those offered other incentives. METHODS: Patients from five US STD clinics were invited to enroll in a multisession risk reduction counselling intervention and, based on their enrollment date, were offered either $15 for each additional session or non-monetary incentives worth $15. The two incentive groups were compared on participants' enrollment, completion of intervention sessions, and new STDs over the 24 months after enrollment. RESULTS: Of 648 patients offered money, 198 (31%) enrolled compared with 160 (23%) of 696 patients offered other incentives (p = 0.002). Enrollees in the two incentive groups had similar baseline characteristics, including condom use. Of the 198 participants offered money, 109 (55%) completed all sessions compared with 59 (37%) of the participants offered other incentives (p &lt; 0.0001). Comparing those offered money with those offered other incentives STD rates were similar after 6, 12, and 24 months. CONCLUSIONS: Small monetary incentives enhanced enrollment and participation compared with other incentives of similar value. Regardless of incentive offered, participants had similar post-enrollment STD rates, suggesting that the type of incentive does not adversely affect motivation to change behaviour. Money may be useful in encouraging high risk individuals to participate in and complete counselling or other public health interventions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.74.4.253","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,1]],"date-time":"2009-01-01T00:22:37Z","timestamp":1230769357000},"page":"253-255","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["What about money? Effect of small monetary incentives on enrollment, retention, and motivation to change behaviour in an HIV\/STD prevention counselling intervention. The Project RESPECT Study Group."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"74","author":[{"given":"M L","family":"Kamb","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F","family":"Rhodes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T","family":"Hoxworth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Rogers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Lentz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C","family":"Kent","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R","family":"MacGowen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T A","family":"Peterman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1998,8,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"69","article-title":"An approach to the problem for recruitment and retention rates for longitudinal research","volume":"9","author":"Capaldi, D.; Patterson, G.R.","year":"1987","unstructured":"Capaldi D, Patterson GR. An approach to the problem for recruitment and retention rates for longitudinal research. Behavioral Assessment 1987;9:69\u2013177.","journal-title":"Behavioral Assessment"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1097\/00006199-199407000-00012","article-title":"Research incentives: money vs gifts","volume":"43","author":"Rudy, E.B.; Estok, P.J.; Kerr, M.E.","year":"1994","unstructured":"Rudy EB, Estok PJ, Kerr ME, et al. Research incentives: money vs gifts. Nursing Research 1994;43:253\u20135.","journal-title":"Nursing Research"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1207\/s15324834basp1204_1","article-title":"Pitfalls associated with the use of financial incentives (and other complex manipulations) in human social research","volume":"12","author":"Crano, W.E.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Crano WE. Pitfalls associated with the use of financial incentives (and other complex manipulations) in human social research. Basic and Applied Social Psychology 1991;12: 369\u201390.","journal-title":"Basic and Applied Social Psychology"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1207\/s15324834basp1204_2","article-title":"methods, and theory: on taking Crano seriously","volume":"12","author":"Money, Folger R.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Folger R. Money, methods, and theory: on taking Crano seriously. Basic and Applied Social Psychology 1991;12:391\u2013 404.","journal-title":"Basic and Applied Social Psychology"},{"issue":"111","key":"ref_5","first-page":"99","article-title":"et al for the Project RESPECT Study Group. Quality assurance of HIV prevention counseling in a multi-center randomized controlled trial","volume":"1","author":"Kamb, M.L.; Dillon, B.A.; Fishbein, M.","year":"1996","unstructured":"Kamb ML, Dillon BA, Fishbein M, et al for the Project RESPECT Study Group. Quality assurance of HIV prevention counseling in a multi-center randomized controlled trial. Public Health Rep 1996;(Suppl 1)111:99\u2013 107.","journal-title":"Public Health Rep"},{"key":"ref_6","article-title":"Centers for Disease Control. Sexually transmitted disease clinical practice guidelines","year":"1991","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control. Sexually transmitted disease clinical practice guidelines. Atlanta, Georgia: US Department of Health and Human Services, Center for Prevention Services, CDC, Public Health Service, 1991."},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"8","article-title":"Centers for Disease Control. 1989 Sexually transmitted diseases treatment guidelines","volume":"38","year":"1989","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control. 1989 Sexually transmitted diseases treatment guidelines. MMWR 1989;38(no S-8).","journal-title":"MMWR"},{"key":"ref_8","article-title":"SAS user\u2019s guide: statistics","year":"1985","unstructured":"SAS user\u2019s guide: statistics. SAS Institute Inc, 1985."}],"container-title":["Sexually Transmitted Infections"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/sti.74.4.253","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,18]],"date-time":"2021-11-18T21:00:42Z","timestamp":1637269242000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/sti.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/sti.74.4.253"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1998,8]]},"references-count":8,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1998,8,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/sti.74.4.253"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/sti.74.4.253","relation":{},"ISSN":["1368-4973","1472-3263"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1368-4973","type":"print"},{"value":"1472-3263","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1998,8]]}}}