{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T04:52:59Z","timestamp":1791003179835,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"4","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"the Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"the National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"the National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Jiangsu Province Commission of Health and Family Planning of China"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Stroke Vasc Neurol"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,12]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE) in acute ischaemic stroke and its impact on the recurrence of vascular events.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a multicentre, prospective, randomised, open label, blinded, controlled clinical trial enrollingpatients with an onset of acute stroke within 7 days from five hospitals in China Jiangsu Province. Participants were assigned to the GBE group (450\u2009mg GBE with 100\u2009mg aspirin daily) or the control group (100\u2009mg aspirin daily) for 6 months. The primary outcome was the decline in the Montreal Cognitive Assessment score at 6 months. Secondary outcomes were other neuropsychological tests of cognitive and neurological function, the the incidence of adverse events and vascular events.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>348 patients were enrolled: 179 in the GBE group and 169 in the control group. With 18 patients lost to follow-up, the dropout rate was 5.17%. Admission data between two groups were similar, but in the GBE group there was a marked slow down in the decline in the Montreal Cognitive Assessment scores (\u22122.77\u00b10.21 vs \u22121.99\u00b10.23, P=0.0116 (30 days); \u22123.34\u00b10.24 vs \u22122.48\u00b10.26, P=0.0165 (90 days); \u22124.00\u00b10.26 vs \u22122.71\u00b10.26, P=0.0004 (180 days)) compared with controls. The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale scores at 12 and 30 days, the modified Rankin Scale scores for independent rate at 30, 90 and 180 days, and the Barthel Index scores at 30, 90 and 180 days in the GBE group were significantly improved compared with controls. Improvements were also observedin GBE groups for Mini-Metal State Examination scores of 30, 90 and 180 days, Webster\u2019s digit symbol test scores at 30 days and Executive Dysfunction Index scores at 30 and 180 days. No significant differences were seen in the incidence of adverse events or vascular events.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conclude that GBE in combination with aspirin treatment alleviated cognitive and neurological deficits after acute ischaemic stroke without increasing the incidence of vascular events.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial registration number<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>ChiCTR-TRC-12002688.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/svn-2017-000104","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,18]],"date-time":"2017-12-18T20:10:25Z","timestamp":1513627825000},"page":"189-197","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":68,"title":["Ginkgo biloba extract improved cognitive and neurological functions of acute ischaemic stroke: a randomised controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Shanshan","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China"},{"name":"The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China"},{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China"},{"name":"Nanjing Clinic Medicine Centre for Neurological and Psychiatric Diseases, Nanjing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinjiang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Yangzhou No 1 People\u2019s Hospital, Yangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qi","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junshan","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Nanjing First Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meijuan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China"},{"name":"The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China"},{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China"},{"name":"Nanjing Clinic Medicine Centre for Neurological and Psychiatric Diseases, Nanjing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China"},{"name":"The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China"},{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China"},{"name":"Nanjing Clinic Medicine Centre for Neurological and Psychiatric Diseases, Nanjing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Biyun","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Analysis, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanfeng","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lai","family":"Qian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China"},{"name":"The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China"},{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China"},{"name":"Nanjing Clinic Medicine Centre for Neurological and Psychiatric Diseases, Nanjing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5288-0319","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yun","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China"},{"name":"The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China"},{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China"},{"name":"Nanjing Clinic Medicine Centre for Neurological and Psychiatric Diseases, Nanjing, 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