{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T09:59:19Z","timestamp":1770890359297,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,11]],"date-time":"2024-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1726012800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Stroke Vasc Neurol"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,5]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Recent studies show cervical artery dissection (CeAD) is equally common between sexes, and that the incidence of CeAD has risen at a greater rate in females than males. In this population-based study, we identify sex differences in patients diagnosed with spontaneous and traumatic CeAD.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>144 patients with spontaneous or traumatic CeAD were studied for sex differences in medical comorbidities, presenting symptoms and outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Females were more likely to carry a diagnosis of migraine, while males were more likely to have hyperlipidaemia. Females were more likely to present with neck pain, males with stroke. Females were significantly more likely to develop recurrent dissections in the study period.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>These findings underscore the importance of understanding CeAD through the lens of sex differences and may explain the significant rise in the diagnosis of CeAD in females. These findings support the importance of considering sex-specific risk factors and medical comorbidities with sex predilection in the diagnosis and management of CeAD. Furthermore, it emphasises the importance of female patients understanding risk factors and presenting signs that should prompt evaluation for CeAD.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/svn-2024-003282","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,12]],"date-time":"2024-09-12T00:51:43Z","timestamp":1726102303000},"page":"407-410","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Sex differences in the epidemiology of spontaneous and traumatic cervical artery dissections"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9669-4638","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elke","family":"Schipani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kim J","family":"Griffin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carlee I","family":"Oakley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6415-0874","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zafer","family":"Keser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082410411374000_10.3.407.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2011.03586.x"},{"key":"2025082410411374000_10.3.407.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.123.043647","article-title":"Epidemiology of Spontaneous Cervical Artery Dissection: Population-Based Study","volume":"55","author":"Griffin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"2025082410411374000_10.3.407.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599814546112"},{"key":"2025082410411374000_10.3.407.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1050","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000237341.30854.6a","article-title":"Gender differences in spontaneous cervical artery dissection","volume":"67","author":"Arnold","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurology (ECronicon)"},{"key":"2025082410411374000_10.3.407.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/6358624","article-title":"\u201cBrave Men\u201d and \u201cEmotional Women\u201d: A Theory-Guided Literature Review on Gender Bias in Health Care and Gendered Norms towards Patients with Chronic Pain","volume":"2018","author":"Samulowitz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pain Res Manag"},{"key":"2025082410411374000_10.3.407.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.121.037147"},{"key":"2025082410411374000_10.3.407.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.32.2.485"},{"key":"2025082410411374000_10.3.407.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/SVIN.122.000703","article-title":"Extracranial Internal Carotid and Vertebral Dissecting Pseudoaneurysms: Clinical Features and Long\u2010Term Outcomes","volume":"3","author":"Seven","year":"2023","journal-title":"SVIN"},{"key":"2025082410411374000_10.3.407.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e48","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.123.046174","article-title":"Photon-Counting Detector CT Angiography in Cervical Artery Dissection","volume":"55","author":"Keser","year":"2024","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"2025082410411374000_10.3.407.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.25813","article-title":"Association between Pregnancy and Cervical Artery Dissection","volume":"88","author":"Salehi Omran","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"2025082410411374000_10.3.407.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2393-14-98","article-title":"Carotid artery elasticity decreases during pregnancy - the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns study","volume":"14","author":"K\u00e4rkk\u00e4inen","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"key":"2025082410411374000_10.3.407.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2393-13-122","article-title":"Maternal carotid remodeling and increased carotid arterial stiffness in normal late-gestational pregnancy as assessed by radio-frequency ultrasound technique","volume":"13","author":"Yuan","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"key":"2025082410411374000_10.3.407.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000136721.95301.8d"},{"key":"2025082410411374000_10.3.407.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.109.130898"},{"key":"2025082410411374000_10.3.407.15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10287","DOI":"10.1080\/14767058.2022.2122799","article-title":"Systematic review of postpartum and pregnancy-related cervical artery dissection","volume":"35","author":"Abdelnour","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med"},{"key":"2025082410411374000_10.3.407.16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1177\/1358863X18811596","article-title":"High incidence and clinical characteristics of fibromuscular dysplasia in patients with spontaneous cervical artery dissection: The ARCADIA-POL study","volume":"24","author":"Talarowska","year":"2019","journal-title":"Vasc Med"},{"key":"2025082410411374000_10.3.407.17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.26717","article-title":"Risk Profile of Patients with Spontaneous Cervical Artery Dissection","volume":"94","author":"Del Zotto","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"2025082410411374000_10.3.407.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2016.04.044"},{"key":"2025082410411374000_10.3.407.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00338.2003"},{"key":"2025082410411374000_10.3.407.20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.120.031579","article-title":"Clinical Features of Patients With Cervical Artery Dissection and Fibromuscular Dysplasia","volume":"52","author":"Bonacina","year":"2021","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"2025082410411374000_10.3.407.21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(16)30293-9"},{"key":"2025082410411374000_10.3.407.22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2020.09.022","article-title":"Prevalence and manifestations of diagnosed fibromuscular dysplasia by sex and race: Analysis of >4500 FMD cases in the United States","volume":"50","author":"Rana","year":"2021","journal-title":"Heart Lung"},{"key":"2025082410411374000_10.3.407.23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000169919.73219.30"}],"container-title":["Stroke and Vascular Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/svn-2024-003282","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,24]],"date-time":"2025-08-24T17:41:24Z","timestamp":1756057284000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/svn.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/svn-2024-003282"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,11]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,30]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/svn-2024-003282"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/svn-2024-003282","relation":{},"ISSN":["2059-8688","2059-8696"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2059-8688","type":"print"},{"value":"2059-8696","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,11]]}}}