{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T10:31:33Z","timestamp":1740133893689,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"6","funder":[{"name":"Department of Surveillance & Health Equity Science of the American Cancer Society"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Tob Control"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,27]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Massachusetts was the first to implement a state-wide menthol cigarette sales restriction in the USA. Following its implementation in June 2020, evidence showed declines in cigarette sales in Massachusetts; however, changes in nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) product sales are unknown.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>This cohort study analysed NRT products sold by US-based retailers available in 26 states from the Nielsen Retail Scanner Data. Outcomes were state-level 4-week aggregate sales of gum, lozenge and patch NRT products converted into pieces per 1000 adults (aged \u226518 years) who smoke cigarettes based on smoking rates from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System and corresponding population from the US Census Bureau. We used a difference-in-differences method to compare changes in NRT product sales in Massachusetts before (1 January 2017 to 13 June 2020) and after (14 June 2020 to 4 December 2021) the policy with sales in 25 states.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The analysis included 1664 observations for each NRT product, with 1170 from before and 494 from after the policy change. The 4-week NRT product sales per 1000 adults who smoke cigarettes in Massachusetts compared with the comparison states increased for gums by 643.11 (95% CI 365.33 to 920.89; p&lt;0.001) pieces or 12.9% and for lozenges by 436.97 (95% CI 292.88 to 581.06; p&lt;0.001) pieces or 17.9% but no statistically significant change in patches after implementing the policy.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The increases in sales of gum and lozenge NRT products in Massachusetts after implementing the policy suggest that a nationwide ban on menthol cigarettes can increase NRT product use; therefore, interventions are needed to strengthen cessation support for adults who smoke cigarettes but intend to quit.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/tc-2023-057942","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,10]],"date-time":"2023-05-10T14:24:09Z","timestamp":1683728649000},"page":"813-816","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Association of nicotine replacement therapy product sales with menthol cigarette sales restriction in Massachusetts"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7888-0667","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samuel","family":"Asare","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1237-9356","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zheng","family":"Xue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1169-4231","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Priti","family":"Bandi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6716-7695","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Johann Lee","family":"Westmaas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmedin","family":"Jemal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4501-1398","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nigar","family":"Nargis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024101902300601000_33.6.813.1","unstructured":"Massachusetts Department of Public Health . Tobacco control law | mass.gov. 2019. Available: https:\/\/www.mass.gov\/guides\/2019-tobacco-control-law [Accessed 14 Jul 2021]."},{"key":"2024101902300601000_33.6.813.2","unstructured":"Public Health Law Center . States and tribes stepping in to protect communities from the dangers of e-cigarettes: actions and options. Available: https:\/\/www.publichealthlawcenter.org\/resources\/states-and-tribes-stepping-protect-communities-dangers-e-cigarettes-actions-and-options [Accessed 23 Mar 2023]."},{"key":"2024101902300601000_33.6.813.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2021.7333","article-title":"Association of cigarette sales with comprehensive menthol flavor ban in Massachusetts","volume":"182","author":"Asare","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"key":"2024101902300601000_33.6.813.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.32103","article-title":"Spatial analysis of changes in cigarette sales in Massachusetts and bordering states following the Massachusetts menthol flavor ban","volume":"5","author":"Asare","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"2024101902300601000_33.6.813.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0274022","article-title":"Impact of Massachusetts law prohibiting flavored tobacco products sales on Cross-border cigarette sales","volume":"17","author":"Ali","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"key":"2024101902300601000_33.6.813.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1147","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2022.306879","article-title":"Impact of Massachusetts\u2019 statewide sales restriction on flavored and menthol tobacco products on tobacco sales in Massachusetts and surrounding states, June 2020","volume":"112","author":"Kingsley","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"key":"2024101902300601000_33.6.813.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2022.6743","article-title":"Association of comprehensive menthol flavor ban with current cigarette smoking in Massachusetts from 2017 to 2021","volume":"183","author":"Asare","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"key":"2024101902300601000_33.6.813.8","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention . Behavioral risk factor surveillance system survey data. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2017-2021. n.d. Available: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/brfss\/annual_data\/annual_data.htm"},{"key":"2024101902300601000_33.6.813.9","unstructured":"U.S. Census Bureau . State population totals: 2010-2019. the United States census bureau. Available: https:\/\/www.census.gov\/data\/tables\/time-series\/demo\/popest\/2010s-state-total.html [Accessed 2 Jun 2021]."},{"key":"2024101902300601000_33.6.813.10","unstructured":"US Census Bureau . State population totals and components of change: 2020-2021. Census.gov. n.d. Available: https:\/\/www.census.gov\/data\/tables\/time-series\/demo\/popest\/2020s-state-total.html"},{"key":"2024101902300601000_33.6.813.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1080\/1462220031000073306","article-title":"The demand for nicotine replacement therapies","volume":"5","author":"Tauras","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research"},{"key":"2024101902300601000_33.6.813.12","unstructured":"Census Bureau . Basic monthly current population survey. the United States census bureau. Available: https:\/\/www.census.gov\/data\/datasets\/time-series\/demo\/cps\/cps-basic.html [Accessed 5 Jun 2022]."},{"key":"2024101902300601000_33.6.813.13","unstructured":"United States . COVID-19 cases and deaths by state over time-archived | data | centers for disease control and prevention. Data.CDC.gov. Available: https:\/\/data.cdc.gov\/Case-Surveillance\/United-States-COVID-19-Cases-and-Deaths-by-State-o\/9mfq-cb36 [Accessed 28 Nov 2022]."},{"key":"2024101902300601000_33.6.813.14","unstructured":"Medicaid enrollment data collected through MBES | Medicaid. Available: https:\/\/www.medicaid.gov\/medicaid\/national-medicaid-chip-program-information\/medicaid-chip-enrollment-data\/medicaid-enrollment-data-collected-through-mbes\/index.html [Accessed 18 Nov 2022]."},{"key":"2024101902300601000_33.6.813.15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp1917065","article-title":"Regulating vaping-policies, possibilities, and perils","volume":"382","author":"Sindelar","year":"2020","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2024101902300601000_33.6.813.16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.47813","article-title":"Evaluation of statewide restrictions on flavored e-cigarette sales in the US from 2014 to 2020","volume":"5","author":"Ali","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"2024101902300601000_33.6.813.17","unstructured":"STATE System E-Cigarette Fact Sheet . Center for disease control and prevention. 2022. Available: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/statesystem\/factsheets\/ecigarette\/ECigarette.html [Accessed 26 Jan 2023]."},{"key":"2024101902300601000_33.6.813.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/tobaccocontrol-2021-056489"}],"container-title":["Tobacco Control"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/tc-2023-057942","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,22]],"date-time":"2024-10-22T07:38:22Z","timestamp":1729582702000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/tobaccocontrol.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/tc-2023-057942"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,9]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,19]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/tc-2023-057942"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/tc-2023-057942","relation":{},"ISSN":["0964-4563","1468-3318"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0964-4563"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1468-3318"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,9]]}}}