{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T05:06:19Z","timestamp":1787893579403,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"BMJ","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]],"date-time":"2025-12-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767052800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010628","name":"Center for Tobacco Products","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U54CA229974"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U54CA229974"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010628","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Tob Control"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The landscape of tobacco and nicotine delivery products has rapidly evolved with the introduction of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDSs) and oral nicotine pouches (ONPs). Understanding sales trends and flavour preferences is critical for assessing these products\u2019 public health impact and informing regulatory strategies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To characterise recent trends in US sales of ENDS and ONPs from 2018 to 2023, overall and by flavour.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Information Resources retail sales data covering 40 states from 7 January 2018 to 16 July 2023, were used to document trends in ENDS and ONP sales from brick-and-mortar retailers, by product flavour (non-menthol, mint\/menthol and tobacco\/unflavoured) in 4\u2009week periods.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>ENDS and ONP sales have shown significant growth, with notable fluctuations coinciding with public health concerns and regulatory announcements. Specifically, non-menthol flavoured ENDS initially experienced a decline in sales following regulatory actions in early 2020 but strongly rebounded thereafter. Meanwhile, ONP sales have increased steadily, dominated by mint\/menthol flavours. These trends may reflect consumer flavour preferences as well as manufacturers\u2019 strategic responses to policy changes. Sensitivity analyses using more recent sales data from 24 states confirm that these patterns persist.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Differences in ENDS and ONP sales trends by flavour type underscore the importance of ongoing, detailed monitoring of nicotine product sales and use, to clarify public health implications and guide regulation. Given the growing variety of nicotine and tobacco products available today, tobacco regulatory frameworks must consider trends across this rapidly evolving market to understand and mitigate associated public health risks.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/tc-2025-059478","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]],"date-time":"2025-12-30T18:20:22Z","timestamp":1767118822000},"page":"tc-2025-059478","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Recent trends in sales of electronic nicotine devices and oral nicotine pouches by flavour"],"prefix":"10.1136","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2385-1620","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Clinton H","family":"Durney","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Health Sciences, British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1076-5037","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafael","family":"Meza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Health Sciences, British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada"},{"name":"School of Population and Public Health, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada"},{"name":"Rutgers Cancer Institute, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3537-2520","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Evelyn","family":"Jimenez-Mendoza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-7050-2615","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ke","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Health Sciences, British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5280-3612","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David T","family":"Levy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Georgetown University, Washinton, District of Columbia, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2352-8786","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abigail S","family":"Friedman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025123021050375000_tc-2025-059478v1.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/tobaccocontrol-2021-056544"},{"key":"2025123021050375000_tc-2025-059478v1.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/ajph.2021.306416"},{"key":"2025123021050375000_tc-2025-059478v1.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntae131"},{"key":"2025123021050375000_tc-2025-059478v1.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.11336","article-title":"Characteristics of e-Cigarette Use Behaviors Among US Youth, 2020","volume":"4","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"2025123021050375000_tc-2025-059478v1.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Friedman A , Liber AC , Crippen A , et al . n.d. E-cigarette Flavor Restrictions\u2019 Effects on Tobacco Product Sales. SSRN Journal. doi:10.2139\/ssrn.4586701","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.4586701"},{"key":"2025123021050375000_tc-2025-059478v1.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/tc-2024-058895"},{"key":"2025123021050375000_tc-2025-059478v1.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.47813","article-title":"Evaluation of Statewide Restrictions on Flavored e-Cigarette Sales in the US From 2014 to 2020","volume":"5","author":"Ali","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"2025123021050375000_tc-2025-059478v1.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2020.305667"},{"key":"2025123021050375000_tc-2025-059478v1.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1748","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntac128","article-title":"JUUL\u2019s 2019 Removal of Mint-Flavored Pods and Changes to the Retail Environment of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems in Florida and the United States","volume":"24","author":"Gaber","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob Res"},{"key":"2025123021050375000_tc-2025-059478v1.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ganz O , Barnwell PV , Hrywna M , et al . n.d. Marketing ZYN: examining branded and unbranded content. Tob Control doi:tc\u20132024. doi:10.1136\/tc-2024-058766","DOI":"10.1136\/tc-2024-058766"},{"key":"2025123021050375000_tc-2025-059478v1.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntad138"},{"key":"2025123021050375000_tc-2025-059478v1.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7225a1"},{"key":"2025123021050375000_tc-2025-059478v1.13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2024.1384","article-title":"National Trends in Sales and Price for Commercial Tobacco and Nicotine Products, 2018-2022","volume":"7","author":"Ganz","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"2025123021050375000_tc-2025-059478v1.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.10366"},{"key":"2025123021050375000_tc-2025-059478v1.15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.42235","article-title":"Nicotine Pouch Sales Trends in the US by Volume and Nicotine Concentration Levels From 2019 to 2022","volume":"5","author":"Majmundar","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"2025123021050375000_tc-2025-059478v1.16","unstructured":"Information Resources, Inc . Data from: Retail Scanner Data Service: Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems and Oral Nicotine Pouch categories, 40 states, January 2018 \u2013 July 2023. 2023."},{"key":"2025123021050375000_tc-2025-059478v1.17","unstructured":"U.S. Census Bureau . Resident population by state. Federal reserve bank of St. Louis. FRED Database. Available: https:\/\/fred.stlouisfed.org\/release\/tables?rid=118&eid=259194 [Accessed 14 Oct 2024]."},{"key":"2025123021050375000_tc-2025-059478v1.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/tobaccocontrol-2021-056807"},{"key":"2025123021050375000_tc-2025-059478v1.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/tobaccocontrol-2020-056053"},{"key":"2025123021050375000_tc-2025-059478v1.20","unstructured":"Food and Drug Administration . FDA finalizes enforcement policy on unauthorized flavored cartridge-based e-cigarettes that appeal to children, including fruit and mint. 2024 Available: https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/news-events\/press-announcements\/fda-finalizes-enforcement-policy-unauthorized-flavored-cartridge-based-e-cigarettes-appeal-children"},{"key":"2025123021050375000_tc-2025-059478v1.21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/tc-2023-058312"},{"key":"2025123021050375000_tc-2025-059478v1.22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/tc-2023-058035"},{"key":"2025123021050375000_tc-2025-059478v1.23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntad214"},{"key":"2025123021050375000_tc-2025-059478v1.24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2025.02.007","article-title":"Trends in U.S. E-cigarette Sales Measured in Milligrams of Nicotine, 2019-2024","volume":"68","author":"Ali","year":"2025","journal-title":"Am J Prev Med"},{"key":"2025123021050375000_tc-2025-059478v1.25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/tc-2023-058485"},{"key":"2025123021050375000_tc-2025-059478v1.26","first-page":"1086","article-title":"E-cigarette Flavor Restrictions\u2019 Effects on Tobacco Product Sales","volume":"0doi","author":"Friedman","year":"2025","journal-title":"Am J Health Econ"}],"container-title":["Tobacco Control"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/tobaccocontrol.bmj.com\/syndication\/doi\/10.1136\/tc-2025-059478","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/tc-2025-059478","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,31]],"date-time":"2025-12-31T05:05:13Z","timestamp":1767157513000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/tobaccocontrol.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/tc-2025-059478"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]]},"references-count":26,"alternative-id":["10.1136\/tc-2025-059478"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/tc-2025-059478","relation":{},"ISSN":["0964-4563","1468-3318"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0964-4563","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-3318","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]]}}}