{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,7]],"date-time":"2026-06-07T08:10:18Z","timestamp":1780819818433,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"3","funder":[{"name":"NIH","award":["5T32HL007776-25"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5T32HL007776-25"]}]},{"name":"NIH","award":["P30 CA091842-19S5"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30 CA091842-19S5"]}]},{"name":"NIH","award":["P50 CA244431"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P50 CA244431"]}]},{"name":"NIH","award":["R01DA038076"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01DA038076"]}]},{"name":"NIH","award":["U19 CA203654"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U19 CA203654"]}]},{"name":"Foundation of Barnes Jewish Hospital Cancer Frontier Fund","award":["Program 5129"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Program 5129"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Thorax"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,10]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The utility of electronic cigarettes (\u2018e-cigarettes\u2019) as a smoking cessation adjunct remains unclear. Similarly, it is unclear if formal tobacco treatment (pharmacotherapy and\/or behavioural support) augments smoking cessation in individuals who use both cigarettes and e-cigarettes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We performed a longitudinal cohort study of adult outpatients evaluated in our tertiary care medical centre (6\/2018\u20136\/2020). E-cigarette use, smoking status and formal tobacco treatment (deterrent pharmacotherapy and\/or behavioural support) were assessed in 6-month blocks (eg, cohort 1 (C1)=6\/2018\u201312\/2018, C2=1\/2019\u20136\/2019 and so on) using our electronic health record. We assessed the relationship between e-cigarette use (either with or without formal tobacco treatment) and point prevalence of smoking cessation at 6 and 12 months.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>111 823 unique patients were included in the study. The prevalence of dual use of cigarettes and e-cigarettes increased significantly over the study period (C1=0.8%; C2=1.1%; C3=1.8%; C4=2.3%; p&lt;0.001). The prevalence of smoking cessation at 12 months was higher among e-cigarette users (20.8%) compared with non-users (16.8%) (risk difference, 4.0% (95% CI 2.5% to 5.5%); adjusted relative risk (aRR) 1.354, 95%\u2009CI 1.252 to 1.464, p&lt;0.0001). Further, among dual users of cigarettes and e-cigarettes, the prevalence of smoking cessation at 12\u2009months was higher among individuals who received tobacco treatment (29.1%) compared with individuals who did not receive tobacco treatment (19.6%) (risk difference, 9.5% (95% CI, 4.6% to 14.4%); aRR 1.238, 95%\u2009CI 1.071 to 1.432, p=0.004).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Interpretation<\/jats:title><jats:p>These results suggest that dual users of cigarettes and e-cigarettes benefit from formal tobacco treatment. Clinicians should consider offering formal tobacco treatment to such patients, though future trials are needed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/thorax-2022-218680","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,21]],"date-time":"2022-07-21T06:30:25Z","timestamp":1658385025000},"page":"267-273","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Assessment of formal tobacco treatment and smoking cessation in dual users of cigarettes and e-cigarettes"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"78","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0116-7377","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brendan T","family":"Heiden","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy B","family":"Baker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nina","family":"Smock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giang","family":"Pham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingling","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura J","family":"Bierut","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li-Shiun","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024051320285540000_78.3.267.1","unstructured":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (US) Office on Smoking and Health. . The health consequences of Smoking- 50 years of progress, a report of the surgeon General. Altanta (GA) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US); 2014. https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/24455788\/"},{"key":"2024051320285540000_78.3.267.2","article-title":"Assessment of duration of smoking cessation prior to surgical treatment of non-small cell lung cancer","author":"Heiden","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"2024051320285540000_78.3.267.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1687","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.12.634","article-title":"The impact of persistent smoking after surgery on long-term outcomes after stage I non-small cell lung cancer resection","volume":"161","author":"Heiden","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"2024051320285540000_78.3.267.4","unstructured":"United States Public Health Service Office of the Surgeon General; National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (US) Office on Smoking and Health . 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