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Pulmonary blood volume was calculated by material decomposition; PMBV was defined as blood volume in the peripheral 2\u2009cm of the lung. Non-contrast CT was acquired to assess per cent emphysema and novel CT emphysema subtypes, which include the diffuse emphysema subtype and small-airways-related combined bronchitic-apical emphysema subtype. Generalised linear regression models included age, sex, race\/ethnicity, body size, smoking, total lung volume and small airway count.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among 495 participants, 53% were never-smokers and the race\/ethnic distribution was 35% white, 31% black, 15% Hispanic and 18% Asian. Mean PMBV was 352\u00b1120\u2009mL; mean per cent emphysema was 4.95\u00b14.75%. Lower PMBV was associated with greater per cent emphysema (\u22120.90% per 100\u2009mL PMBV, 95%\u2009CI: \u22121.29 to \u20130.51). The association was of larger magnitude in participants with 10 or more pack-years smoking and airflow obstruction, but present among participants with no smoking history or airflow limitation, and was specific to the diffuse CT emphysema subtype (\u22121.48% per 100\u2009mL PMBV, 95%\u2009CI: \u22122.31 to \u20130.55).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this community-based study, lower PMBV was associated with greater per cent emphysema, including in participants without a smoking history or airflow limitation, and was specific to the diffuse CT emphysema subtype.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/thorax-2024-222002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,4]],"date-time":"2024-11-04T13:25:29Z","timestamp":1730726729000},"page":"309-317","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Associations of pulmonary microvascular blood volume with per cent emphysema and CT emphysema subtypes in the community: the MESA Lung study"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"80","clinical-trial-number":[{"clinical-trial-number":"nct02682147","registry":"10.18810\/clinical-trials-gov"}],"author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3428-0728","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emilia A","family":"Hermann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amin","family":"Motahari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric A","family":"Hoffman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yifei","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Norrina","family":"Allen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elsa D","family":"Angelini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alain G","family":"Bertoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David A","family":"Bluemke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah E","family":"Gerard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junfeng","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David W","family":"Kaczka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Laine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5547-5084","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erin","family":"Michos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prashant","family":"Nagpal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James S","family":"Pankow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Coralynn S","family":"Sack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen Hinckley","family":"Stukovsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karol E","family":"Watson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Artur","family":"Wysoczanski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R Graham","family":"Barr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025041509351453000_80.5.309.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00239-2023","article-title":"Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease 2023 Report: GOLD Executive Summary","volume":"61","author":"Agust\u00ed","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"2025041509351453000_80.5.309.2","unstructured":"Organization WH . 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