{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T17:32:02Z","timestamp":1787160722607,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Thorax"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1980,9,1]]},"DOI":"10.1136\/thx.35.9.644","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,12]],"date-time":"2008-12-12T22:15:45Z","timestamp":1229120145000},"page":"644-652","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["Epidemiological study of respiratory disease in workers exposed to polyvinylchloride dust."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"C A","family":"Soutar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L H","family":"Copland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P E","family":"Thornley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J F","family":"Hurley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Ottery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W G","family":"Adams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B","family":"Bennett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"189","article-title":"Environmental dust in a plant for the production of polyvinylchloride","volume":"13","author":"D, I.Casula; P, Cherchi; G, Spiga; A, Spinazzola","year":"1977","unstructured":"I Casula D, Cherchi P, Spiga G, Spinazzola A. Environmental dust in a plant for the production of polyvinylchloride. Ann Inst Super Sanita 1977; 13:189-98."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"151","article-title":"Alterazioni funzionali respiratorie da esposizione cronica a cloruro di vinile monomero e polimero","volume":"69","author":"Mapp, C.; Fabbri, L.; Rossi, A.; Moro, G.; Cervi, G.","year":"1978","unstructured":"Mapp C, Fabbri L, Rossi A, Moro G, Cervi G. Alterazioni funzionali respiratorie da esposizione cronica a cloruro di vinile monomero e polimero. Med Lav 1978; 69:151-62.","journal-title":"Med Lav"},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"321","article-title":"Lesioni polmonari sperimentali da inalazione prolungata di PVC in ambiente di lavoro","volume":"65","author":"Frongia, N.; Spinazzola, A.; Bucarelli, A.","year":"1974","unstructured":"Frongia N, Spinazzola A, Bucarelli A. Lesioni polmonari sperimentali da inalazione prolungata di PVC in ambiente di lavoro. Med Lav 1974; 65:321-42.","journal-title":"Med Lav"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1016\/0013-9351(78)90166-4","article-title":"Some biochemical and histopathological changes induced by polyvinylchloride dust in rat lun","volume":"16","author":"Agarwal, D.K.; Kaw, J.L.; Srivastava, S.P.; Seth, P.K.","year":"1978","unstructured":"Agarwal DK, Kaw JL, Srivastava SP, Seth PK. Some biochemical and histopathological changes induced by polyvinylchloride dust in rat lun,,. Environ Res 1978; 16:333-41.","journal-title":"Environ Res"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1038\/newbio231085a0","article-title":"Toxicity of tissue culture media exposed to polyvinylchloride plastic","volume":"231","author":"DeHaan, R.L.","year":"1971","unstructured":"DeHaan RL. Toxicity of tissue culture media exposed to polyvinylchloride plastic. Nature Newv Biol 1971; 231:85-6.","journal-title":"Nature Newv Biol"},{"key":"ref_6","first-page":"201","article-title":"Microspectrophotometry of macrophage lysosomal enzyme activity: a measure of polymer implant tissue toxicity. Toxicol A ppl","volume":"25","author":"Salthouse, T.N.; Matlaga, B.F.; O'Leary, R.K.","year":"1973","unstructured":"Salthouse TN, Matlaga BF, O'Leary RK. Microspectrophotometry of macrophage lysosomal enzyme activity: a measure of polymer implant tissue toxicity. Toxicol A ppl Pharmacol 1973; 25:201-11.","journal-title":"Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.1038\/256664a0","article-title":"Biological reactivity of PVC dust","volume":"256","author":"R, Richards R.J.Desai; FA, Hext P.M.Rose","year":"1975","unstructured":"Richards RJ. Desai R, Hext PM. Rose FA, Biological reactivity of PVC dust. Nature 1975; 256: 664-5.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1038\/260053a0","article-title":"A surface-active agent involved in PVC-induced haemolysis","volume":"260","author":"Richards, R.J.; Desai, R.; Rose, F.A.","year":"1976","unstructured":"Richards RJ, Desai R, Rose FA. A surface-active agent involved in PVC-induced haemolysis. Nature 1976; 260:53-4.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_9","first-page":"11126","article-title":"A comparison between in vitro toxicity of PVC powders and their tissue reaction in vivo","volume":"22","author":"Piggott, G.H.; Ishmael, J.","year":"1979","unstructured":"Piggott GH, Ishmael J. A comparison between in vitro toxicity of PVC powders and their tissue reaction in vivo. Ann Occup Hyg 1979; 22:11126.","journal-title":"Ann Occup Hyg"},{"key":"ref_10","first-page":"433","article-title":"Pneumoconiosis caused by the inhalation of polyvinylchloride dust","volume":"61","author":"Szende, B.; Lapis, K.; Nemes-A. Pinter, A.","year":"1970","unstructured":"Szende B, Lapis K, Nemes-A. Pinter A. Pneumoconiosis caused by the inhalation of polyvinylchloride dust. Med Lav 1970; 61:433-6.","journal-title":"Med Lav"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.33.1.19","article-title":"Polyvinylchloride pneumoconiosis","volume":"33","author":"ll Arnaud A; L, Pommier De Santi P.Garbe; H, Payan; J, Charpin","year":"1978","unstructured":"ll Arnaud A, Pommier De Santi P. Garbe L, Payan H, Charpin J. Polyvinylchloride pneumoconiosis. Thorax 1978; 33:19-25.","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1975.tb51079.x","article-title":"Changes in pulmonary function in workers exposed to vinyl chloride and polyvinylchloride","volume":"246","author":"Miller, A.; Tirstein, A.S.; Chuang, M.; Selikoff, I.J.; Warshaw, R.","year":"1975","unstructured":"Miller A, Tirstein AS, Chuang M, Selikoff IJ, Warshaw R. Changes in pulmonary function in workers exposed to vinyl chloride and polyvinylchloride. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1975; 246:42-52.","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.69.2_Supplement.299","article-title":"Pulmonary changes among vinyl chloride polymerization workers","volume":"69","author":"Lilis, R.; Anderson, H.; Miller, A.; Selikoff, I.J.","year":"1976","unstructured":"Lilis R, Anderson H, Miller A, Selikoff IJ. Pulmonary changes among vinyl chloride polymerization workers. Chest 1976; 69:299-303.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"ref_14","first-page":"540","article-title":"Polyvinylchloride pneumoconiosis: epidemiological study of exposed workers","volume":"21","author":"Mastrangelo, G.; Manno, M.; Marcer, G.","year":"1979","unstructured":"Mastrangelo G, Manno M, Marcer G et al. Polyvinylchloride pneumoconiosis: epidemiological study of exposed workers. J Occup Med 1979; 21:540-2.","journal-title":"J Occup Med"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1097\/00043764-197610000-00006","article-title":"Effect of occupational and nonoccupational factors on the respiratory system of vinyl chloride and other workers","volume":"18","author":"Gamble, J.; Liu, S.; McMichael, A.J.; Waxweiler, R.J.","year":"1976","unstructured":"Gamble J, Liu S, McMichael AJ, Waxweiler RJ. Effect of occupational and nonoccupational factors on the respiratory system of vinyl chloride and other workers. J Occup Med 1976; 18:659-70.","journal-title":"J Occup Med"},{"key":"ref_16","first-page":"1053","article-title":"SIMPEDS 70: an improved version of the SIMPEDS personal gravimetric dust sampling instrument","volume-title":"Particles 111","author":"McGuire, B.A.; Barker, D.; Badel, D.A.","year":"1970","unstructured":"McGuire BA, Barker D, Badel DA. SIMPEDS 70: an improved version of the SIMPEDS personal gravimetric dust sampling instrument. In: Walton WH, ed. Inhalel Particles 111. Old Woking: Unwin Bros, 1970: 1053-7."},{"key":"ref_17","series-title":"Proceedings of the Pneumoconiosis Conference","author":"Orenstein, A.J.","year":"1960","unstructured":"Orenstein AJ, ed. Proceedings of the Pneumoconiosis Conference. London: JA Churchill, 1960."},{"key":"ref_18","article-title":"Report of the Working Party on Research into Chronic Bronchitis","author":"Council, Medical Research","year":"1976","unstructured":"Medical Research Council. Report of the Working Party on Research into Chronic Bronchitis. London: Medical Research Council. 1976."},{"issue":"1","key":"ref_19","first-page":"149","article-title":"A spirometer for measuring the forced expiratorv volume with a simple calibrating device","volume":"1960","author":"McKerrow, C.B.; McDermott, M.; Gilson, J.C.","unstructured":"McKerrow CB, McDermott M, Gilson JC. A spirometer for measuring the forced expiratorv volume with a simple calibrating device. Lancet 1960; 1:149-51.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_20","first-page":"573","article-title":"Automatic measurement of lung function","volume":"2","author":"Meade, F.; Saunders, M.J.; Hyett, F.; Pearl, Reynolds J.A.; N, Cotes; J.E.","year":"1965","unstructured":"Meade F, Saunders MJ, Hyett F, Reynolds JA. Pearl N, Cotes JE. Automatic measurement of lung function. Lancet 1965; 2:573-5.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_21","first-page":"22","article-title":"Occupational Safety and Health. ILO International classification of radiographs of pneumoconioses 1971","author":"Office, International Labour","year":"1972","unstructured":"International Labour Office. Occupational Safety and Health. ILO International classification of radiographs of pneumoconioses 1971. Geneva: ILO, 1972: 22."},{"key":"ref_22","article-title":"The analysis of binary data","author":"Cox, DR","year":"1970","unstructured":"Cox DR. The analysis of binary data. London: Methuen, 1970."},{"key":"ref_23","first-page":"883","article-title":"Chronic bronchitis and dust exposure in British coalminers","volume-title":"Particles III","author":"WHInhaled, Walton","year":"1971","unstructured":"Rae S, Walker DD, Attfield MD. Chronic bronchitis and dust exposure in British coalminers. In: Walton WH, ed. Inhaled Particles III. Old Woking: Unwin Bros, 1971: 883-94."},{"key":"ref_24","first-page":"217","article-title":"Role of dust in the working environment in development of chronic bronchitis in British coal miners","volume":"30","author":"Rogan JM. Attfield MD. Jacobsen M, Rae S. Walker DD, Walton WH","year":"1973","unstructured":"Rogan JM. Attfield MD. Jacobsen M, Rae S. Walker DD, Walton WH. Role of dust in the working environment in development of chronic bronchitis in British coal miners. Br J Ind Med 1973; 30:217-26.","journal-title":"Br J Ind Med"},{"key":"ref_25","first-page":"903","article-title":"The relation between pneumoconiosis and dustexposure in British coal mines","volume-title":"Particles 11","author":"Jacobsen, M.; Rae, S.; Walton, W.H.; Rogan, J.M.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Jacobsen M, Rae S, Walton WH, Rogan JM. The relation between pneumoconiosis and dustexposure in British coal mines. In: Walton WH, ed. Inhale-d Particles 11. Old Woking: Unwin Bros, 1971: 903-19."},{"key":"ref_26","first-page":"63941","article-title":"Meat-wrapper's asthma: a new syndrome","volume":"226","author":"Y, Sokol W.N.Aelony; GN, Beall","year":"1973","unstructured":"Sokol WN. Aelony Y, Beall GN. Meat-wrapper's asthma: a new syndrome. JAMA 1973; 226:63941.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_27","first-page":"915","article-title":"Respiratory illness in meat wrappers. JA","volume":"235","author":"Falk, H.; Portnoy, B.","year":"1976","unstructured":"Falk H, Portnoy B. Respiratory illness in meat wrappers. JA MA 1976; 235:915-7."}],"container-title":["Thorax"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/thx.35.9.644","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,26]],"date-time":"2020-09-26T05:34:04Z","timestamp":1601098444000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/thorax.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/thx.35.9.644"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1980,9,1]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1980,9,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/thx.35.9.644","relation":{},"ISSN":["0040-6376"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0040-6376","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1980,9,1]]}}}