{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,31]],"date-time":"2024-01-31T16:28:09Z","timestamp":1706718489528},"reference-count":95,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Thorax"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1991,7,1]]},"DOI":"10.1136\/thx.46.7.528","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,13]],"date-time":"2008-12-13T03:22:59Z","timestamp":1229138579000},"page":"528-535","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Surgical treatment of carcinoma of the oesophagus."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"R","family":"Hurt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","reference":[{"key":"ref_1","article-title":"Couraud et","author":"al","year":"1988","unstructured":"Couraud et al (1988)"},{"key":"ref_2","article-title":"Dark etal","year":"1981","unstructured":"Dark etal (1981)"},{"key":"ref_3","author":"Griffith; Davis","year":"1980","unstructured":"Griffith and Davis (1980)"},{"key":"ref_4","article-title":"et","author":"Jackson","year":"1979","unstructured":"Jackson et al (1979)"},{"key":"ref_5","article-title":"The place of transhiatal oesophagectomy with no opening of the chest, an operation described by Belsey in 1978 as an expedition into the Dark Ages,80 is at present sub judice, and will remain so until the Orringer-Skinner controversy about oesophagectomy without formal thoracotomy versus radical en bloc resection of the oesophagus has been settled. The arguments for and against these operations are well documented in a leading article by","unstructured":"The place of transhiatal oesophagectomy with no opening of the chest, an operation described by Belsey in 1978 as an expedition into the Dark Ages,80 is at present sub judice, and will remain so until the Orringer-Skinner controversy about oesophagectomy without formal thoracotomy versus radical en bloc resection of the oesophagus has been settled. The arguments for and against these operations are well documented in a leading article by"},{"key":"ref_6","article-title":"The five year survival rate after resection for oesophageal carcinoma is still poor, though not as poor as was reported in a widely quoted article by Earlam and Cunha-Melo82 in 1980. In this collective review a mean operative mortality of 29% and a mean five year survival rate of 4% were quoted. These figures are grossly misleading, for they include series (15 out of 122) published before 1961, and those operations would therefore have been carried out up to 40 years ago. Furthermore, at least 21 authors had reported from their experience of fewer than 30 resections. It has now been shown that mortality rate is directly related to the number of operations carried out in a particular unit and that the operative mortality is unacceptably high in surgical units in which only a few resections are performed and in which experience of postoperative thoracic care is minimal.83","unstructured":"The five year survival rate after resection for oesophageal carcinoma is still poor, though not as poor as was reported in a widely quoted article by Earlam and Cunha-Melo82 in 1980. In this collective review a mean operative mortality of 29% and a mean five year survival rate of 4% were quoted. These figures are grossly misleading, for they include series (15 out of 122) published before 1961, and those operations would therefore have been carried out up to 40 years ago. Furthermore, at least 21 authors had reported from their experience of fewer than 30 resections. It has now been shown that mortality rate is directly related to the number of operations carried out in a particular unit and that the operative mortality is unacceptably high in surgical units in which only a few resections are performed and in which experience of postoperative thoracic care is minimal.83"},{"key":"ref_7","article-title":"An operative mortality rate of 5-1 1 % and a five year survival rate of 14-22% is the standard to be expected in 1991 in the Western world (table).75 \"' The remarkably low mortality of","unstructured":"An operative mortality rate of 5-1 1 % and a five year survival rate of 14-22% is the standard to be expected in 1991 in the Western world (table).75 \"' The remarkably low mortality of"},{"key":"ref_8","article-title":"In: The hospital surgeon","author":"Belloste","unstructured":"Belloste. In: The hospital surgeon. London: Sprint, 1706. Quoted by Hochberg.2"},{"key":"ref_9","article-title":"Foreword to Hochberg LA. Thoracic surgery before the 20th century","author":"In, Churchill E.D.","year":"1960","unstructured":"Churchill ED. In: Foreword to Hochberg LA. Thoracic surgery before the 20th century. New York: Vantage Press, 1960."},{"key":"ref_10","first-page":"3","article-title":"Perspectives in the development of oesophageal surgery","volume-title":"Surgery of the oesophagus","author":"Elmslie, R.G.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Elmslie RG. Perspectives in the development of oesophageal surgery. In: Jamieson GG, ed. Surgery of the oesophagus. London: Churchill-Livingstone, 1988:3-8."},{"key":"ref_11","first-page":"65","article-title":"Uber die resektion des oesophagus","volume":"13","author":"Billroth, C.A.T.","year":"1871","unstructured":"Billroth CAT. Uber die resektion des oesophagus. 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