{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,13]],"date-time":"2024-09-13T00:12:01Z","timestamp":1726186321040},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Thorax"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1993,8,1]]},"DOI":"10.1136\/thx.48.8.781","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,13]],"date-time":"2008-12-13T03:22:59Z","timestamp":1229138579000},"page":"781-784","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Chronic respiratory failure in COPD: is there a place for a respiratory stimulant?"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"P A","family":"Bardsley","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.45.9.666","article-title":"Comparison of almitrine bismesylate and medroxyprogesterone acetate on oxygenation during wakefulness and sleep in patients with chronic obstructive lung disease","volume":"45","author":"Daskalopoulou, E.; Patakas, D.; Tsara, V.; Zoglopitis, F.; Maniki, E.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Daskalopoulou E, Patakas D, Tsara V, Zoglopitis F, Maniki E. Comparison of almitrine bismesylate and medroxyprogesterone acetate on oxygenation during wakefulness and sleep in patients with chronic obstructive lung disease. Thorax 1990;45:666-9.","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/141.4_Pt_1.1055","article-title":"Breathing during sleep in patients with obstructive lung disease","volume":"141","author":"Douglas, N.J.; Flenley, D.C.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Douglas NJ, Flenley DC. Breathing during sleep in patients with obstructive lung disease. Am Rev RespirDis 1990;141:1055-70.","journal-title":"Am Rev RespirDis"},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"681","article-title":"Domiciliary oxygen trial","volume":"i:","author":"Council, Medical Research","year":"1981","unstructured":"Medical Research Council. Domiciliary oxygen trial. Lancet 1981;i:681-5.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"394","article-title":"Noctural Oxygen Therapy Trial (NOTT) Group. Continuous or nocturnal oxygen therapy in hypoxaemic chronic obstructive lung disease","volume":"93","year":"1970","unstructured":"Noctural Oxygen Therapy Trial (NOTT) Group. Continuous or nocturnal oxygen therapy in hypoxaemic chronic obstructive lung disease. Ann Intern Med 1970;93:394-9.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"ref_5","first-page":"541","article-title":"Expectations of benefit from long-term oxygen therapy","volume":"1","author":"Strom, K.; Boe, J.; Boman, G.; Skoogh, B.E.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Strom K, Boe J, Boman G, Skoogh BE. Expectations of benefit from long-term oxygen therapy. Eur Respir Rev 1991;1:541-9.","journal-title":"Eur Respir Rev"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.42.2.105","article-title":"A 12 year clinical study of patients with hypoxic cor pulmonale given long term domiciliary oxygen therapy","volume":"42","author":"Cooper, C.B.; Waterhouse, J.; Howard, P.","year":"1987","unstructured":"Cooper CB, Waterhouse J, Howard P. A 12 year clinical study of patients with hypoxic cor pulmonale given long term domiciliary oxygen therapy. Thorax 1987;42:105-10.","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"295","article-title":"Control of breathing in patients with chronic obstructive lung disease","volume":"54","author":"Sorli, A.; Grassino, A.; Lorange, G.; Milic-Emili, J.","year":"1978","unstructured":"Sorli A, Grassino A, Lorange G, Milic-Emili J. Control of breathing in patients with chronic obstructive lung disease. Clin Sci Mol Med 1978;54:295-304.","journal-title":"Clin Sci Mol Med"},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"191","article-title":"Central respiratory drive in acute respiratory failure of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"122","author":"Aubier, M.; Murciano, D.; Fournier, M.; Milic-Emili, J.; Pariente, R.; Derenne, J.P.","year":"1980","unstructured":"Aubier M, Murciano D, Fournier M, Milic-Emili J, Pariente R, Derenne JP. Central respiratory drive in acute respiratory failure of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am Rev Respir Dis 1980;122: 191-9.","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1164\/arrd.1983.127.4.405","article-title":"Relative effectiveness of acetazolamide and medroxyprogesterone acetate in correction of chronic carbon dioxide retention","volume":"127","author":"Skatrud, J.B.; Dempsey, J.A.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Skatrud JB, Dempsey JA. Relative effectiveness of acetazolamide and medroxyprogesterone acetate in correction of chronic carbon dioxide retention. Am Rev Respir Dis 1983;127:405-12.","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"ref_10","first-page":"262","article-title":"Effects of progesterone on chemosensitivity in normal men","volume":"92","author":"Zwillch, C.W.; Natalino, M.R.; Sutton, F.D.; Weil, J.V.","year":"1978","unstructured":"Zwillch CW, Natalino MR, Sutton FD, Weil JV. Effects of progesterone on chemosensitivity in normal men. J Lab Clin Med 1978;92:262-9.","journal-title":"J Lab Clin Med"},{"key":"ref_11","first-page":"939","article-title":"Ventilatory response to medroxyprogesterone acetate in normal subjects: time course and mechanism","volume":"44","author":"Skatrud, J.B.; Dempsey, J.A.; Kaiser, D.G.","year":"1978","unstructured":"Skatrud JB, Dempsey JA, Kaiser DG. Ventilatory response to medroxyprogesterone acetate in normal subjects: time course and mechanism. J7Appl Physiol 1978;44:939-44.","journal-title":"J7Appl Physiol"},{"key":"ref_12","first-page":"260","article-title":"Correction of CO2 retention during sleep in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"124","author":"Skatrud, J.B.; Dempsey, J.A.; Iber, C.; Berssenbrugge, A.","year":"1981","unstructured":"Skatrud JB, Dempsey JA, Iber C, Berssenbrugge A. Correction of CO2 retention during sleep in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am Rev Respir Dis 1981;124:260-8.","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.84.4.394","article-title":"Medroxyprogesterone acetate and COPD: effect on breathing and oxygenation in sleeping and awake patients","volume":"84","author":"Dolly, F.R.; Block, A.J.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Dolly FR, Block AJ. Medroxyprogesterone acetate and COPD: effect on breathing and oxygenation in sleeping and awake patients. Chest 1983;84:394-7.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.96.2.225","article-title":"Medroxyprogesterone and obstructive sleep apnoea","volume":"96","author":"Millman, R.P.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Millman RP. Medroxyprogesterone and obstructive sleep apnoea. Chest 1989;96:225-6.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI109732","article-title":"Determinants of chronic carbon dioxide retention and its correction in humans","volume":"65","author":"Skatrud, J.B.; Dempsey, J.A.; Bhansali, P.; Irvin, C.","year":"1980","unstructured":"Skatrud JB, Dempsey JA, Bhansali P, Irvin C. Determinants of chronic carbon dioxide retention and its correction in humans. Y Clin Invest 1980;65:813-21.","journal-title":"Y Clin Invest"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1159\/000194756","article-title":"Effect of medroxyprogesterone on ventilatory control and pulmonary gas exchange in chronic obstructive patients","volume":"47","author":"Delaunois, L.; Delwiche, J.P.; Lulling, J.","year":"1985","unstructured":"Delaunois L, Delwiche JP, Lulling J. Effect of medroxyprogesterone on ventilatory control and pulmonary gas exchange in chronic obstructive patients. Respiration 1985;47: 107-13.","journal-title":"Respiration"},{"key":"ref_17","first-page":"67","article-title":"Respiration and cerebral blood flow in metabolic acidosis and alkalosis in humans","volume":"27","author":"Fencl, V.; Vale, JR, Brock; J.A.","year":"1969","unstructured":"Fencl V, Vale JR, Brock JA. Respiration and cerebral blood flow in metabolic acidosis and alkalosis in humans. J7Appl Physiol 1969;27:67-76.","journal-title":"J7Appl Physiol"},{"key":"ref_18","first-page":"516","article-title":"Respiratory and renal effects of a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor (Diamox) on acid-base balance in normal man and in patients with respiratory acidosis","volume":"19","author":"Galdston, M.","year":"1955","unstructured":"Galdston M. Respiratory and renal effects of a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor (Diamox) on acid-base balance in normal man and in patients with respiratory acidosis. AmJrMed 1955;19:516-31.","journal-title":"AmJrMed"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(64)90150-0","article-title":"Dichlorphenamide, a potent carbonic anhydrase inhibitor: effect on alveolar ventilation, ventilation-perfusion relationships and diffusion in patients with chronic lung disease","volume":"36","author":"Dorris, R.; Olivia, J.V.; Rodman, T.","year":"1964","unstructured":"Dorris R, Olivia JV, Rodman T. Dichlorphenamide, a potent carbonic anhydrase inhibitor: effect on alveolar ventilation, ventilation-perfusion relationships and diffusion in patients with chronic lung disease. Am J Med 1964;36:79-86.","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1447","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM196512302732702","article-title":"Effect of aminophylline on respiratory center sensitivity in Cheyne-Stokes respiration and in pulmonary emphysema","volume":"273","author":"Dowell, A.R.; Heyman, A.; Sieker, H.O.; Tripathy, K.","year":"1965","unstructured":"Dowell AR, Heyman A, Sieker HO, Tripathy K. Effect of aminophylline on respiratory center sensitivity in Cheyne-Stokes respiration and in pulmonary emphysema. N EnglJ7 Med 1965;273: 1447-53.","journal-title":"N EnglJ7 Med"},{"key":"ref_21","first-page":"33","article-title":"Effect of aminophylline on ventilatory responses in normal man","volume":"117","author":"Lakshminarayan, S.; Sahn, S.A.; Weil, J.V.","year":"1978","unstructured":"Lakshminarayan S, Sahn SA, Weil JV. Effect of aminophylline on ventilatory responses in normal man. Am Rev Respir Dis 1978;117:33-8.","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.78.2.279","article-title":"Increased hypoxic ventilatory drive to administration of aminophylline in normal men","volume":"78","author":"Sanders, J.S.; Berman, T.S.; Bartlett, M.M.; Kronenberg, R.S.","year":"1980","unstructured":"Sanders JS, Berman TS, Bartlett MM, Kronenberg RS. Increased hypoxic ventilatory drive to administration of aminophylline in normal men. Chest 1980;78:279-82.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.45.10.743","article-title":"Lung function, hypoxic and hypercapnic ventilatory responses and respiratory muscle strength in normal subjects taking oral theophylline","volume":"45","author":"Javaheri, S.; Guerra, L.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Javaheri S, Guerra L. Lung function, hypoxic and hypercapnic ventilatory responses and respiratory muscle strength in normal subjects taking oral theophylline. Thorax 1990;45:743-7.","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1398","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/146.6.1398","article-title":"Theophylline does not increase ventilatory responses to hypercapnia or hypoxia","volume":"146","author":"Swaminathan, S.; Paton, J.Y.; Davidson Ward, S.L.; Sargent, C.W.; Keens, T.G.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Swaminathan S, Paton JY, Davidson Ward SL, Sargent CW, Keens TG. Theophylline does not increase ventilatory responses to hypercapnia or hypoxia. Am Rev Respir Dis 1992;146:1398-401.","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"ref_25","first-page":"589","article-title":"Central nervous system stimulants: the methylxanthines","volume-title":"The pharmacological basis of therapeutics","author":"Rall, T.W.","year":"1985","unstructured":"Rall TW. Central nervous system stimulants: the methylxanthines. In: Gilman AG, Goodman LD, Rall TW, Murad F, eds. The pharmacological basis of therapeutics. 7th edn. New York: Macmillan, 1985:589-603.","edition":"7th edn"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2579","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1988.00380120045009","article-title":"The use of theophylline in \"irreversible\" chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"148","author":"Hill, N.S.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Hill NS. The use of theophylline in \"irreversible\" chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Arch Intern Med 1988;148:2579-84.","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"ref_27","first-page":"384","article-title":"Does aminophylline improve noctural hypoxia in patients with chronic airflow obstruction?","volume":"71","author":"Ebden, P.; Vathenan, A.S.","year":"1987","unstructured":"Ebden P, Vathenan AS. Does aminophylline improve noctural hypoxia in patients with chronic airflow obstruction? Eur J Respir Dis 1987;71: 384-7.","journal-title":"Eur J Respir Dis"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/145.3.540","article-title":"Overnight theophylline concentrations and effects on sleep and lung function in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"145","author":"Martin, R.J.; Pak, J.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Martin RJ, Pak J. Overnight theophylline concentrations and effects on sleep and lung function in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am Rev Respir Dis 1992;145:540-4.","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.300.6729.929","article-title":"Theophylline in the management of airflow obstruction: difficult drugs to use, few clinical indications","volume":"300","author":"Johnston, I.D.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Johnston ID. Theophylline in the management of airflow obstruction: difficult drugs to use, few clinical indications. BMJ 1990;300:929-31.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"928","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.300.6729.928","article-title":"Theophylline in the management of airflow obstruction: much evidence suggests that theophylline is valuable","volume":"300","author":"Addis, G.J.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Addis GJ. Theophylline in the management of airflow obstruction: much evidence suggests that theophylline is valuable. BMJ 1990;300:928-9.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1643","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.289.6459.1643","article-title":"Slow release theophyllines and chronic bronchitis","volume":"289","author":"Cochrane, G.M.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Cochrane GM. Slow release theophyllines and chronic bronchitis. BMJ 1984;289:1643-4.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.37.1.49","article-title":"Protriptyline in the treatment of sleep apnoea","volume":"37","author":"Conway, W.A.; Zorick, F.; Piccione, P.; Roth, T.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Conway WA, Zorick F, Piccione P, Roth T. Protriptyline in the treatment of sleep apnoea. Thorax 1982;37:49-53.","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"ref_33","first-page":"41","article-title":"Differential elevation by protriptyline and depression by diazepam of upper airway motor activity","volume":"131","author":"Bonora, M.; John, W.M.; Bledsoe, T.A.","year":"1985","unstructured":"Bonora M, John WM, Bledsoe TA. Differential elevation by protriptyline and depression by diazepam of upper airway motor activity. Am Rev RespirDis 1985;131:41-5.","journal-title":"Am Rev RespirDis"},{"key":"ref_34","first-page":"758","article-title":"Effect of protriptyline on ventilatory responses to hypercapnia and asphyxia in normal subjects","volume-title":"EurRespirJ3","volume":"2","author":"Simonds, A.K.; Carroll, N.; Branthwaite, M.A.; Saunders, N.A.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Simonds AK, Carroll N, Branthwaite MA, Saunders NA. Effect of protriptyline on ventilatory responses to hypercapnia and asphyxia in normal subjects. EurRespirJ3 1989;2:758-63."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-113-7-507","article-title":"Effects of protriptyline on diurnal and nocturnal oxygenation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"113","author":"Series, F.; Cormier, Y.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Series F, Cormier Y. Effects of protriptyline on diurnal and nocturnal oxygenation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Ann Intern Med 1990;113:507-11.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.93.03070746","article-title":"The use of protriptyline for respiratory failure in patients with chronic airflow limitation","volume":"3","author":"Carroll, N.; Parker, R.A.; Branthwaite, M.A.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Carroll N, Parker RA, Branthwaite MA. The use of protriptyline for respiratory failure in patients with chronic airflow limitation. Eur Respir J 1990;3:746-5 1.","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"ref_37","first-page":"123","article-title":"Long lasting hyperventilation induced by almitrine: evidence for a specific effect on carotid and thoracic chemoreceptors","volume":"61","author":"Laubie, M.; Schmitt, H.","year":"1980","unstructured":"Laubie M, Schmitt H. Long lasting hyperventilation induced by almitrine: evidence for a specific effect on carotid and thoracic chemoreceptors. Eur_ Pharmacol 1980;61:123-36.","journal-title":"Eur_ Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref_38","first-page":"153","article-title":"Effects of almitrine in decompensated chronic respiratory insufficiency","volume":"17","author":"Naeije, R.; Melot, C.; Mols, P.; Hallemans, R.; Naeije, N.; Cornil, A.","year":"1981","unstructured":"Naeije R, Melot C, Mols P, Hallemans R, Naeije N, Cornil A, et al. Effects of almitrine in decompensated chronic respiratory insufficiency. Bull EurPhysiopathol Respir 1981;17:153-61.","journal-title":"Bull EurPhysiopathol Respir"},{"key":"ref_39","first-page":"284","article-title":"The effect of intravenously administered almitrine, a peripheral chemoreceptor agonist, on patients with chronic airflow obstruction","volume":"127","author":"Powles, A.C.P.; Tuxen, D.V.; Mahood, B.; Pugsley, S.O.; Campbell, E.J.M.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Powles ACP, Tuxen DV, Mahood B, Pugsley SO, Campbell EJM. The effect of intravenously administered almitrine, a peripheral chemoreceptor agonist, on patients with chronic airflow obstruction. Am Rev Respir Dis 1983;127:284-9.","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1042\/cs0660435","article-title":"The effects of oral almitrine on pattern of breathing and gas exchange in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"66","author":"Stradling, JR, Nicholl; CG, Cover; D, Davies; EE, Hughes; JMB, Pride; N.B.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Stradling JR, Nicholl CG, Cover D, Davies EE, Hughes JMB, Pride NB. The effects of oral almitrine on pattern of breathing and gas exchange in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Clin Sci 1984; 66:435-42.","journal-title":"Clin Sci"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.83.3.528","article-title":"Improvement in ventilation perfusion matching by almitrine in COPD","volume":"83","author":"Melot, C.; Naeije, R.; Rothschild, T.; Mertens, P.; Mols, P.; Hallemans, R.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Melot C, Naeije R, Rothschild T, Mertens P, Mols P, Hallemans R. Improvement in ventilation perfusion matching by almitrine in COPD. Chest 1983;83:528-33.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1159\/000195803","article-title":"Is the mode of action of almitrine bismesylate dose dependent?","volume":"56","author":"C, Le Merre; JC, Ansquer; MJ, Clark; N, Zouari; C, Prefaut","year":"1989","unstructured":"Le Merre C, Ansquer JC, Clark MJ, Zouari N, Prefaut C. Is the mode of action of almitrine bismesylate dose dependent? Respiration 1989;56: 212-9.","journal-title":"Respiration"},{"key":"ref_43","first-page":"11","article-title":"Almitrine bismesylate: a long-term placebo-controlled double-blind study in COAD. Vectarion International Multicentre Study Group","volume":"23","author":"Voisin, C.; Howard, P.; Ansquer, J.C.","year":"1987","unstructured":"Voisin C, Howard P, Ansquer JC. Almitrine bismesylate: a long-term placebo-controlled double-blind study in COAD. Vectarion International Multicentre Study Group. Bull Eur Physiopathol Respir 1987;23(Suppl 11):169-82.","journal-title":"Bull Eur Physiopathol Respir"},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.93.04030308","article-title":"Two years treatment with almitrine bismesylate in patients with hypoxic chronic obstructive airways disease","volume":"4","author":"Bardsley, P.A.; Howard, P.; DeBacker, W.; Vermeire, P.; Mairesse, M.; Ledent, C.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Bardsley PA, Howard P, DeBacker W, Vermeire P, Mairesse M, Ledent C, et al. Two years treatment with almitrine bismesylate in patients with hypoxic chronic obstructive airways disease. Eur Respir J 1991;4: 308-10.","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1054","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.93.05091054","article-title":"et al Sequential treatment with low dose almitrine bismesylate in hypoxaemic chronic obstructive airways disease","volume":"5","year":"1992","unstructured":"Bardsley PA, Howard P, Tang 0, Empey D, Harrison B, Peake MD, et al Sequential treatment with low dose almitrine bismesylate in hypoxaemic chronic obstructive airways disease. Eur RespirJ7 1992;5:1054-61.","journal-title":"Eur RespirJ7"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1215","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.93.04101215","article-title":"One year treatment with almitrine improves hypoxaemia but does not increase pulmonary artery pressure in COPD patients","volume":"4","author":"Weitzenblum, E.; Schrijen, F.; Apprill, M.; Prefaut, C.; Yernault, J.C.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Weitzenblum E, Schrijen F, Apprill M, Prefaut C, Yernault JC. One year treatment with almitrine improves hypoxaemia but does not increase pulmonary artery pressure in COPD patients. Eur Respir J 1991;4: 1215-22.","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"ref_47","first-page":"559","article-title":"A comparison of the effects of almitrine or oxygen breathing on pulmonary arterial pressure and right ventricular ejection fraction in hypoxic chronic bronchitis and emphysema","volume":"134","author":"Macnee, W.; Connaughton, J.J.; Rhind, G.B.; Hayhurst, M.D.; Douglas, J.; Muir, A.L.","year":"1986","unstructured":"Macnee W, Connaughton JJ, Rhind GB, Hayhurst MD, Douglas J, Muir AL, et al. A comparison of the effects of almitrine or oxygen breathing on pulmonary arterial pressure and right ventricular ejection fraction in hypoxic chronic bronchitis and emphysema. Am Rev Respir Dis 1986; 134:559-65.","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"ref_48","first-page":"206","article-title":"Almitrine improves oxygenation when both awake and asleep in patients with hypoxia and carbon dioxide caused by chronic bronchitis and emphysema","volume":"132","author":"Connaughton, J.J.; Douglas, N.J.; Morgan, A.D.; Shapiro, C.M.; Critchley, J.A.J.H.; Pauly, N.","year":"1985","unstructured":"Connaughton JJ, Douglas NJ, Morgan AD, Shapiro CM, Critchley JAJH, Pauly N, et al. Almitrine improves oxygenation when both awake and asleep in patients with hypoxia and carbon dioxide caused by chronic bronchitis and emphysema. Am Rev Respir Dis 1985;132:206-10.","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(88)90263-X","article-title":"Long term effects of almitrine bismesylate on oxygenation during wakefulness and sleep in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"84","author":"Gothe, B.; Cherniack, N.S.; RT, Jr, Bachand; Szalkowski, M.B.; Bianco, K.A.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Gothe B, Cherniack NS, Bachand RT Jr, Szalkowski MB, Bianco KA. Long term effects of almitrine bismesylate on oxygenation during wakefulness and sleep in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am.T Med 1988;84:436-44.","journal-title":"Am. T Med"},{"key":"ref_50","first-page":"11","article-title":"The effect of long-term almitrine therapy on sleep hypoxaemia in patients with chronic airways obstruction","volume":"23","author":"Racineux, J.L.; Meslier, N.; Hubert, P.","year":"1987","unstructured":"Racineux JL, Meslier N, Hubert P. The effect of long-term almitrine therapy on sleep hypoxaemia in patients with chronic airways obstruction. Bull Eur Physiopathol Respir 1987;23(Suppl 11): 183-4.","journal-title":"Bull Eur Physiopathol Respir"},{"key":"ref_51","first-page":"411","article-title":"Einfluss von almitrin einem chemorezeptoren stimulator, auf die nachtliche hyperkapnie und den pulmonarteriellen Druk unter 02 Atmung bei chronisch obstruktiver lungenerkrankung","volume":"42","author":"Ruhle, K.H.; Kempf, P.; Mosinger, B.; Klein, G.; Costabel, U.; Wurtenberger, G.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Ruhle KH, Kempf P, Mosinger B, Klein G, Costabel U, Wurtenberger G, et al. Einfluss von almitrin einem chemorezeptoren stimulator, auf die nachtliche hyperkapnie und den pulmonarteriellen Druk unter 02 Atmung bei chronisch obstruktiver lungenerkrankung. Prax Clin Pneumonol 1988;42:411-4.","journal-title":"Prax Clin Pneumonol"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.45.1.16","article-title":"Almitrine bismesylate and oxygen therapy in hypoxic cor pulmonale","volume":"45","author":"Evans, T.W.; Tweney, J.; Waterhouse, J.C.; Nichol, J.; Suggett, A.J.; Howard, P.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Evans TW, Tweney J, Waterhouse JC, Nichol J, Suggett AJ, Howard P. Almitrine bismesylate and oxygen therapy in hypoxic cor pulmonale. Thorax 1990;45:16-21.","journal-title":"Thorax"}],"container-title":["Thorax"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/thx.48.8.781","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,22]],"date-time":"2023-05-22T22:35:21Z","timestamp":1684794921000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/thorax.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/thx.48.8.781"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1993,8,1]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1993,8,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/thx.48.8.781","relation":{},"ISSN":["0040-6376"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0040-6376","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1993,8,1]]}}}