{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,21]],"date-time":"2026-03-21T19:44:31Z","timestamp":1774122271573,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Thorax"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,8,1]]},"DOI":"10.1136\/thx.52.8.690","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,11]],"date-time":"2010-01-11T19:40:22Z","timestamp":1263238822000},"page":"690-696","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Physiological effects and optimisation of nasal assist-control ventilation for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in respiratory failure"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"C.","family":"Girault","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"V.","family":"Chevron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. C.","family":"Richard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"Daudenthun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Pasquis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Leroy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Bonmarchand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.95.4.865","article-title":"Noninvasive face mask ventilation in patients with acute respiratory failure","volume":"95","author":"Meduri, G.U.; Conoscenti, C.C.; Menashe, P.; Nair, S.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Meduri GU, Conoscenti CC, Menashe P, Nair S. Noninvasive face mask ventilation in patients with acute respiratory failure. Chest 1989;95:865\u201370.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1523","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199011293232204","article-title":"Reversal of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive lung disease by inspiratory assistance with a face mask","volume":"323","author":"Brochard, L.; Isabey, D.; Piquet, J.; Amaro, P.; Mancebo, J.; Messadi, A.A.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Brochard L, Isabey D, Piquet J, Amaro P, Mancebo J, Messadi AA, et al. Reversal of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive lung disease by inspiratory assistance with a face mask. N Engl J Med 1990;323:1523\u201330.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.99.3.681","article-title":"Intermittent volume cycled mechanical ventilation via nasal mask in patients with respiratory failure due to COPD","volume":"99","author":"Marino, W.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Marino W. Intermittent volume cycled mechanical ventilation via nasal mask in patients with respiratory failure due to COPD. Chest 1991;99:681\u20134.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.100.2.445","article-title":"Noninvasive face mask mechanical ventilation in patients with acute hypercapnic respiratory failure","volume":"100","author":"Meduri, G.U.; Abou-Shala, N.; Fox, R.C.; Jones, C.B.; Leeper, K.V.; Wunderink, R.G.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Meduri GU, Abou-Shala N, Fox RC, Jones CB, Leeper KV, Wunderink RG. Noninvasive face mask mechanical ventilation in patients with acute hypercapnic respiratory failure. Chest 1991;100:445\u201354.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.100.3.775","article-title":"Nasal positive pressure ventilation in patients with acute respiratory failure","volume":"100","author":"Chevrolet, J.C.; Jolliet, P.; Abajo, B.; Toussi, A.; Louis, M.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Chevrolet JC, Jolliet P, Abajo B, Toussi A, Louis M. Nasal positive pressure ventilation in patients with acute respiratory failure. Chest 1991;100:775\u201382.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1371","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.100.5.1371","article-title":"Pressure support ventilation with a simplified ventilatory support system administered with a nasal mask in patients with respiratory failure","volume":"100","author":"Pennock, B.E.; Kaplan, P.D.; Carlin, B.W.; Sabangan, J.S.; Magovern, J.A.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Pennock BE, Kaplan PD, Carlin BW, Sabangan JS, Magovern JA. Pressure support ventilation with a simplified ventilatory support system administered with a nasal mask in patients with respiratory failure. Chest 1991;100:1371\u2013 6.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"912","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.102.3.912","article-title":"Nasal mask ventilation in acute respiratory failure: experience in elderly patients","volume":"102","author":"Benhamou, D.; Girault, C.; Faure, C.; Portier, F.; Muir, J.F.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Benhamou D, Girault C, Faure C, Portier F, Muir JF. Nasal mask ventilation in acute respiratory failure: experience in elderly patients. Chest 1992;102:912\u201317.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01711087","article-title":"Pressure support ventilation via face mask in acute respiratory failure in hypercapnic COPD patients","volume":"19","author":"Fernandez, R.; Blanch, L.I.; Valles, J.; Baigorri, F.; Artigas, A.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Fernandez R, Blanch LI, Valles J, Baigorri F, Artigas A. Pressure support ventilation via face mask in acute respiratory failure in hypercapnic COPD patients. Intensive Care Med 1993;19:456\u201361.","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199509283331301","article-title":"Noninvasive ventilation for acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary diease","volume":"333","author":"Brochard, L.; Mancebo, J.; Wysocki, M.; Lofaso, F.; Conti, G.; Rauss, A.","year":"1995","unstructured":"Brochard L, Mancebo J, Wysocki M, Lofaso F, Conti G, Rauss A, et al. Noninvasive ventilation for acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary diease. N Engl J Med 1995;333:817\u201322.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.46.3.208","article-title":"Non-invasive and domiciliary ventilation: positive pressure techniques","volume":"46","author":"Branthwaite, M.A.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Branthwaite MA. Non-invasive and domiciliary ventilation: positive pressure techniques. Thorax 1991;46:208\u201312.","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1533","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.101.6.1533","article-title":"Acute exacerbations in severe COLD patients. Treatment using positive pressure ventilation by nasal mask","volume":"101","author":"Foglio, C.; Vitacca, M.; Quadrio, A.; Scalvini, S.; Marangoni, S.; Ambrosino, N.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Foglio C, Vitacca M, Quadrio A, Scalvini S, Marangoni S, Ambrosino N. Acute exacerbations in severe COLD patients. Treatment using positive pressure ventilation by nasal mask. Chest 1992; 101:1533\u20138.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.149.5.8173743","article-title":"Physiologic effects of positive endexpiratory pressure and mask pressure support during exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"149","author":"Appendini, L.; Patessio, A.; Zanaboni, S.; Carone, M.; Gukov, B.; Donner, C.F.","year":"1994","unstructured":"Appendini L, Patessio A, Zanaboni S, Carone M, Gukov B, Donner CF, et al. Physiologic effects of positive endexpiratory pressure and mask pressure support during exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1994;149:1069\u201376.","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.97.1.150","article-title":"Ventilatory muscle support in respiratory failure with nasal positive pressure ventilation","volume":"97","author":"Carrey, Z.; Gottfried, S.B.; Levy, R.D.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Carrey Z, Gottfried SB, Levy RD. Ventilatory muscle support in respiratory failure with nasal positive pressure ventilation. Chest 1990;97:150\u20138.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.101.2.385","article-title":"Physiologic evaluation of pressure support ventilation by nasal mask in patients with stable COPD","volume":"101","author":"Ambrosino, N.; Nava, S.; Bertone, P.; Fracchia, C.; Rampulla, C.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Ambrosino N, Nava S, Bertone P, Fracchia C, Rampulla C. Physiologic evaluation of pressure support ventilation by nasal mask in patients with stable COPD. Chest 1992; 101:385\u201391.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.103.1.143","article-title":"Effect of nasal pressure support ventilation and external PEEP on diaphragmatic activity in patients with severe stable COPD","volume":"103","author":"Nava, S.; Ambrosino, N.; Rubini, F.; Fracchia, C.; Rampulla, C.; Torri, G.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Nava S, Ambrosino N, Rubini F, Fracchia C, Rampulla C, Torri G, et al. Effect of nasal pressure support ventilation and external PEEP on diaphragmatic activity in patients with severe stable COPD. Chest 1993;103:143\u201350.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.104.2.460","article-title":"Comparison of BiPAP nasal ventilation and ventilation via iron lung in severe stable COPD","volume":"104","author":"Lien, T.C.; Wang, J.H.; Chang, M.T.; Kuo, C.D.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Lien TC, Wang JH, Chang MT, Kuo CD. Comparison of BiPAP nasal ventilation and ventilation via iron lung in severe stable COPD. Chest 1993;104:460\u20136.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1053","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.105.4.1053","article-title":"Respiratory muscle rest using nasal BiPAP ventilation in patients with stable severe COPD","volume":"105","author":"Renston, J.P.; DiMarco, A.F.; Supinski, G.S.","year":"1994","unstructured":"Renston JP, DiMarco AF, Supinski GS. Respiratory muscle rest using nasal BiPAP ventilation in patients with stable severe COPD. Chest 1994;105:1053\u201360.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1044","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.93.04091044","article-title":"Domiciliary nocturnal nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation in COPD: mechanisms underlying changes in arterial blood gas tensions","volume":"4","author":"Elliott, M.W.; Mulvey, D.A.; Moxham, J.; Green, M.; Branthwaite, M.A.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Elliott MW, Mulvey DA, Moxham J, Green M, Branthwaite MA. Domiciliary nocturnal nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation in COPD: mechanisms underlying changes in arterial blood gas tensions. Eur Respir J 1991; 4:1044\u201352.","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01711086","article-title":"Non-invasive modalities of positive pressure ventilation improve the outcome of acute exacerbations in COLD patients","volume":"19","author":"Vitacca, M.; Rubini, F.; Foglio, K.; Scalvini, S.; Nava, S.; Ambrosino, N.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Vitacca M, Rubini F, Foglio K, Scalvini S, Nava S, Ambrosino N. Non-invasive modalities of positive pressure ventilation improve the outcome of acute exacerbations in COLD patients. Intensive Care Med 1993;19:450\u20135.","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-198411000-00012","article-title":"A simplified acute physiologic score for ICU patients","volume":"12","author":"Gall, JR, Le; P, Loirat; A, Alperovitch; P, Glaser; C, Granthil; D, Mathieu","year":"1984","unstructured":"Le Gall JR, Loirat P, Alperovitch A, Glaser P, Granthil C, Mathieu D, et al. A simplified acute physiologic score for ICU patients. Crit Care Med 1984;12: 975\u20137.","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1964.19.2.207","article-title":"Improved technique for estimating pleural pressure from esophageal balloons","volume":"19","author":"Milic-Emili, J.; Mead, J.; Turner, J.M.","year":"1964","unstructured":"Milic-Emili J, Mead J, Turner JM. Improved technique for estimating pleural pressure from esophageal balloons. J Appl Physiol 1964;19:207\u201311.","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1964.19.2.212","article-title":"Topography of esophageal pressure as a function of posture in man","volume":"19","author":"Milic-Emili, J.; Mead, J.; Turner, J.M.","year":"1964","unstructured":"Milic-Emili J, Mead J, Turner JM. Topography of esophageal pressure as a function of posture in man. J Appl Physiol 1964;19:212\u20137.","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"ref_23","first-page":"788","article-title":"A simple method for assessing the validity of the esophageal balloon technique","volume":"126","author":"Baydur, A.; Behrakis, P.K.; Zin, N.A.; Milic-Emili, J.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Baydur A, Behrakis PK, Zin NA, Milic-Emili J. A simple method for assessing the validity of the esophageal balloon technique. Am Rev Respir Dis 1982;126:788\u201391.","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1488","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1988.65.4.1488","article-title":"Impact of PEEP on lung mechanics and work of breathing in severe airflow obstruction","volume":"5","author":"Smith, T.C.; Marini, J.J.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Smith TC, Marini JJ. Impact of PEEP on lung mechanics and work of breathing in severe airflow obstruction. J Appl Physiol 1988;5:1488\u201399.","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1957.11.2.303","article-title":"Simple method of estimating oxygen consumption and efficiency of the muscles of breathing","volume":"11","author":"Campbell, E.J.M.; Westlake, E.K.; Cherniack, R.M.","year":"1957","unstructured":"Campbell EJM, Westlake EK, Cherniack RM. Simple method of estimating oxygen consumption and efficiency of the muscles of breathing. J Appl Physiol 1957;11:303\u20138.","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01711217","article-title":"Measuring the breathing workload in mechanically ventilated patients","volume":"16","author":"Annat, G.; Viale, J.P.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Annat G, Viale JP. Measuring the breathing workload in mechanically ventilated patients. Intensive Care Med 1990; 16:418\u201321.","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-199403000-00024","article-title":"Components of the work of breathing and implications for monitoring ventilatordependent patients","volume":"22","author":"Banner, M.J.; Jaeger, M.J.; Kirby, R.R.","year":"1994","unstructured":"Banner MJ, Jaeger MJ, Kirby RR. Components of the work of breathing and implications for monitoring ventilatordependent patients. Crit Care Med 1994;22:515\u201323.","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"ref_28","first-page":"822","article-title":"Work of breathing in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in acute respiratory failure","volume":"131","author":"Fleury, B.; Murciano, D.; Talamo, C.; Aubier, M.; Pariente, R.; Milic-Emili, J.","year":"1985","unstructured":"Fleury B, Murciano D, Talamo C, Aubier M, Pariente R, Milic-Emili J. Work of breathing in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in acute respiratory failure. Am Rev Respir Dis 1985;131:822\u20137.","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/138.2.300","article-title":"Inspiratory work of breathing during spontaneous ventilation using demand valves and continuous flow systems","volume":"138","author":"Beydon, L.; Chasse, M.; Harf, A.; Lemaire, F.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Beydon L, Chasse M, Harf A, Lemaire F. Inspiratory work of breathing during spontaneous ventilation using demand valves and continuous flow systems. Am Rev Respir Dis 1988;138:300\u20134.","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"ref_30","first-page":"5","article-title":"Standardized lung function testing","author":"Quanjer, P.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Quanjer P. Standardized lung function testing. Bull Eur Physiopathol Respir 1983;19(Suppl 5):1\u201395.","journal-title":"Bull Eur Physiopathol Respir"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1169","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/138.5.1169","article-title":"External work output and force generation during synchronized intermittent mechanical ventilation","volume":"138","author":"Marini, J.J.; Smith, T.C.; Lamb, V.J.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Marini JJ, Smith TC, Lamb VJ. External work output and force generation during synchronized intermittent mechanical ventilation. Am Rev Respir Dis 1988;138:1169\u2013 79.","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1984.57.1.44","article-title":"Respiratory muscle oxygen consumption estimated by the pressure-time index","volume":"57","author":"Field, S.; Sanci, S.; Grassino, A.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Field S, Sanci S, Grassino A. Respiratory muscle oxygen consumption estimated by the pressure-time index. J Appl Physiol 1984;57:44\u201351.","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/0013-4694(89)90031-X","article-title":"Chest surface recording of diaphragm potentials in man","volume":"72","author":"Lansing, R.; Savelle, J.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Lansing R, Savelle J. Chest surface recording of diaphragm potentials in man. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1989;72:59\u201368.","journal-title":"Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1977.43.2.262","article-title":"Quantification of diaphragmatic EMG response to CO2 rebreathing in humans","volume":"43","author":"Lopata, M.; Evanich, M.J.; Lourenco, R.V.","year":"1977","unstructured":"Lopata M, Evanich MJ, Lourenco RV. Quantification of diaphragmatic EMG response to CO2 rebreathing in humans. J Appl Physiol 1977;43:262\u201370.","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.1979.tb05903.x","article-title":"The two period cross-over clinical trial","volume":"8","author":"Hills, M.; Armitage, P.","year":"1979","unstructured":"Hills M, Armitage P. The two period cross-over clinical trial. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1979;8:7\u201320.","journal-title":"Br J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1711","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1993.75.4.1711","article-title":"Partitioning of work of breathing in mechanically ventilated COPD patients","volume":"75","author":"Coussa, M.L.; Guerin, C.; Eissa, N.T.; Corbeil, C.; Chasse, M.; Braidy, J.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Coussa ML, Guerin C, Eissa NT, Corbeil C, Chasse M, Braidy J, et al. Partitioning of work of breathing in mechanically ventilated COPD patients. J Appl Physiol 1993; 75:1711\u20139.","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"ref_37","first-page":"992","article-title":"The inspiratory workload of patient-initiated mechanical ventilation","volume":"134","author":"Marini, J.J.; Rodriguez, R.M.; Lamb, V.","year":"1986","unstructured":"Marini JJ, Rodriguez RM, Lamb V. The inspiratory workload of patient-initiated mechanical ventilation. Am Rev Respir Dis 1986;134:992\u20139.","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1196","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1982.53.5.1196","article-title":"Evaluation of human diaphragm fatigue","volume":"53","author":"Bellemare, F.; Grassino, A.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Bellemare F, Grassino A. Evaluation of human diaphragm fatigue. J Appl Physiol 1982;53:1196\u2013206.","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.149.5.8173745","article-title":"Patient work of breathing during pressure support and volume-cycled mechanical ventilation","volume":"149","author":"Kreit, J.W.; Capper, M.W.; Eschenbacher, W.L.","year":"1994","unstructured":"Kreit JW, Capper MW, Eschenbacher WL. Patient work of breathing during pressure support and volume-cycled mechanical ventilation. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1994; 149:1085\u201391.","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1028","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-198612000-00007","article-title":"Work of breathing through different sized endotracheal tubes","volume":"14","author":"Shapiro, M.; Wilson, R.K.; Casar, G.; Bloom, K.; Teague, R.","year":"1986","unstructured":"Shapiro M, Wilson RK, Casar G, Bloom K, Teague R. Work of breathing through different sized endotracheal tubes. Crit Care Med 1986;14:1028\u201331.","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.93.3.499","article-title":"Pressure support compensation for inspiratory work due to endotracheal tubes and demand continuous positive airway pressure","volume":"93","author":"Fiastro, J.F.; Habib, M.P.; Quan, S.F.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Fiastro JF, Habib MP, Quan SF. Pressure support compensation for inspiratory work due to endotracheal tubes and demand continuous positive airway pressure. Chest 1988;93:499\u2013505.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.87.5.612","article-title":"The inspiratory work of breathing during assisted mechanical ventilation","volume":"87","author":"Marini, J.J.; Capps, J.S.; Culver, B.H.","year":"1985","unstructured":"Marini JJ, Capps JS, Culver BH. The inspiratory work of breathing during assisted mechanical ventilation. Chest 1985;87:612\u20138.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1992.73.1.248","article-title":"Immediate diaphragmatic electromyogram responses to imperceptible mechanical loads in conscious humans","volume":"73","author":"Kobylarz, E.J.; Daubenspeck, J.A.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Kobylarz EJ, Daubenspeck JA. Immediate diaphragmatic electromyogram responses to imperceptible mechanical loads in conscious humans. J Appl Physiol 1992;73:248\u201359.","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.103.3.907","article-title":"Noninvasive pressure support ventilation in patients with acute respiratory failure","volume":"103","author":"Wysocki, M.; Tric, L.; Wolff, M.A.; Gertner, J.; Millet, H.; Herman, B.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Wysocki M, Tric L, Wolff MA, Gertner J, Millet H, Herman B. Noninvasive pressure support ventilation in patients with acute respiratory failure. Chest 1993;103:907\u201313.","journal-title":"Chest"}],"container-title":["Thorax"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/thx.52.8.690","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,29]],"date-time":"2023-05-29T13:10:46Z","timestamp":1685365846000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/thorax.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/thx.52.8.690"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1997,8,1]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,8,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/thx.52.8.690","relation":{},"ISSN":["0040-6376"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0040-6376","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1997,8,1]]}}}