{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,6]],"date-time":"2026-09-06T03:57:58Z","timestamp":1788667078967,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,5]],"date-time":"2023-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696464000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":4,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare","award":["K919532233"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K919532233"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Trauma Surg Acute Care Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,25]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study aims to describe the injury patterns of the Beirut blast victims and assess hospitals\u2019 disaster management and preparedness during the 2020 Beirut port blast.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A cross-sectional retrospective multicenter study was conducted in two stages. Data were collected on blast victims presented to participating hospitals from August 4 till August 8, using three designed questionnaires. Stage 1 included all blast patients\u2019 records and stage 2 examined a subset of inpatient and outpatient records. Binary logistic regression was performed to assess the factors associated with death and disability for blast patients.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A total of 3278 records were collected, 83% were treated at emergency departments and 17% were admitted to hospitals. Among those, 61 deaths and 35 long-term disabilities were reported. Extremity operations (63%) were mostly performed. Outpatients (n=410) had a mean age of 40\u00b117.01 years and 40% sustained lacerations (40%). 10% of those patients sustained neurological complications and mental problems, and 8% had eye complications. Inpatients (n=282) had a mean age of 49\u00b120.7 years and a mean length of hospital stay of 6\u00b110.7\u2009days. Secondary (37%) and tertiary (25%) blast injuries were predominant. 49% sustained extremity injuries and 19% head\/face injuries. 11 inpatient deaths and 20 long-term disabilities were reported. Death was significantly associated with tertiary concussion and crush syndrome (p&lt;0.05). Of the 16 hospitals, 13 implemented disaster plans (87%), and 14 performed a triage with a mean time of 0.96\u00b10.67\u2009hours. One hospital (6%) performed psychological evaluations, without follow-up.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Beirut blast victims suffered deaths and disabilities associated with their injuries. They predominantly sustained lacerations caused by shattered glass. Tertiary injuries were associated with death. Triage, disaster plans, and hospital preparedness should be effectively implemented to enhance patients\u2019 clinical outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Level of evidence<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Prognostic and epidemiological\/Level III<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/tsaco-2023-001103","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,4]],"date-time":"2023-10-04T23:20:38Z","timestamp":1696461638000},"page":"e001103","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Multicenter assessment of impairments and disabilities associated with Beirut blast injuries: a retrospective review of hospital medical records"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4736-021X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samar","family":"Al-Hajj","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahmoud","family":"El-Hussein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lariboisi\u00e8re Hospital, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johan","family":"von Schreeb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Sciences, Division of Global Health (IHCAR), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cima","family":"Hamieh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Montfermeil Hospital, Montfermeil, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nesrine","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Middle East and North Africa Program for Advanced Injury Research, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nagi","family":"Souaiby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082410385892000_8.1.e001103.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1675","DOI":"10.1002\/prep.202000227","article-title":"An estimate of the TNT\u2010Equivalent net explosive quantity (NEQ) of the Beirut port explosion using Publicly\u2010Available tools and data","volume":"45","author":"Stennett","year":"2020","journal-title":"Propellants Explo Pyrotec"},{"key":"2025082410385892000_8.1.e001103.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105190","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssci.2021.105190","article-title":"Beirut explosion 2020: A case study for a large-scale urban blast simulation","volume":"137","author":"Valsamos","year":"2021","journal-title":"Safety Science"},{"key":"2025082410385892000_8.1.e001103.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2021.657996","article-title":"Beirut ammonium nitrate blast: analysis, review, and recommendations","volume":"9","author":"Al-Hajj","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"2025082410385892000_8.1.e001103.4","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) . Explosions and blast injuries: a primer for clinicians; 2003."},{"key":"2025082410385892000_8.1.e001103.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.2016150114","article-title":"Blast injuries: from improvised explosive device blasts to the Boston Marathon bombing","volume":"36","author":"Singh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"key":"2025082410385892000_8.1.e001103.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2012.2510"},{"key":"2025082410385892000_8.1.e001103.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001199-200609000-00004"},{"key":"2025082410385892000_8.1.e001103.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.01.086","article-title":"Anxiety, depression and PTSD in children and adolescents following the Beirut port explosion","volume":"302","author":"Maalouf","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"2025082410385892000_8.1.e001103.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1037\/trm0000353","article-title":"The Beirut explosion psychological impact study: an online cross-sectional population survey","volume":"28","author":"El Khoury","year":"2022","journal-title":"Traumatology"},{"key":"2025082410385892000_8.1.e001103.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semvascsurg.2021.04.005","article-title":"Mass casualty management during a pandemic surge: the American University of Beirut medical center experience","volume":"34","author":"Hallal","year":"2021","journal-title":"Semin Vasc Surg"},{"key":"2025082410385892000_8.1.e001103.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1203","DOI":"10.1017\/dmp.2020.451","article-title":"Beirut ammonium nitrate explosion: a man-made disaster in times of the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"16","author":"El Sayed","year":"2022","journal-title":"Disaster Med Public Health Prep"},{"key":"2025082410385892000_8.1.e001103.12","unstructured":"WHO . 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