{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,10]],"date-time":"2026-11-10T06:58:51Z","timestamp":1794293931664,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"Suppl 1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,6]],"date-time":"2024-01-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704499200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":5,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Trauma Surg Acute Care Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,3]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Mass casualty incidents and massive transfusion requirements continue to plague the USA with hemorrhage remaining the number one cause of death in trauma. The unfortunate reality of numerous mass shootings in Southwest Texas has led to the need for a way in which to provide blood during these events as rapidly as it is required. Multiple agencies within the Southwest Texas system have united to help provide this life-saving blood to people when they need it most. This effort began with the development of a system for safe, efficient, and now widespread use of whole blood in the region. After demonstrating the success of delivering large quantities of blood during the Uvalde shooting, we have begun to develop a walking blood bank that is similar to what the miliary uses on the battlefield. The concept behind this initiative is to have a cohort of whole blood donors who are preselected to join the program which is now dubbed \u2018Heroes in Arms\u2019. These donors will be called upon to donate whole blood during a massive transfusion event. Their blood will be rapidly screened prior to transfusion to the patient. This blood will still undergo the normal rigorous testing and, should any potentially transmissible diseases by discovered post-transfusion, the individual who received that product will be treated accordingly. Given the low rate of transmissible disease among this preselected population, combined with rapid screening prior to transfusion, the risk of a person receiving a transmissible disease is insignificant in comparison to the benefit of having blood to transfuse during hemorrhage. This model is a promising collaborative effort to provide in a timely and sufficient blood product in cases of major need which will consequently minimize the number of traumatically injured civilian patients who die from hemorrhage.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/tsaco-2023-001151","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,10]],"date-time":"2024-01-10T00:48:22Z","timestamp":1704847702000},"page":"e001151","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Walking blood bank: a plan to ensure self-sufficiency in an era of blood shortage"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7690-6333","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erika Paola","family":"Brigmon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justin","family":"Cirone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kelly","family":"Harrell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leslie","family":"Greebon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samantha","family":"Ngamsuntikul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adriene","family":"Mendoza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Epley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian","family":"Eastridge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susannah","family":"Nicholson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donald H","family":"Jenkins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025061306451149000_9.Suppl_1.e001151.1","unstructured":"Mass shootings [Gun Violence Archive]. Available: https:\/\/www.gunviolencearchive.org\/mass-shooting [Accessed 14 Mar 2023]."},{"key":"2025061306451149000_9.Suppl_1.e001151.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2016.08.018"},{"key":"2025061306451149000_9.Suppl_1.e001151.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1429","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.15264","article-title":"Give the trauma patient what they bleed, when and where they need it: establishing a comprehensive regional system of resuscitation based on patient need utilizing cold-stored, low-titer O+ whole blood","volume":"59","author":"Zhu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Transfusion"},{"key":"2025061306451149000_9.Suppl_1.e001151.4","first-page":"e119","article-title":"National blood shortage: a call to action from the trauma community","volume":"93","author":"Stein","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Trauma Acute Care Surg"},{"key":"2025061306451149000_9.Suppl_1.e001151.5","first-page":"S12","article-title":"U.S. cities will not meet blood product resuscitation standards during major mass casualty incidents: results of a THOR-AABB working party prospective analysis","volume":"62 Suppl 1","author":"Cannon","year":"2022","journal-title":"Transfusion"},{"key":"2025061306451149000_9.Suppl_1.e001151.6","first-page":"S190","article-title":"Whole blood for hemostatic resuscitation of major bleeding","volume":"56 Suppl 2","author":"Spinella","year":"2016","journal-title":"Transfusion"},{"key":"2025061306451149000_9.Suppl_1.e001151.7","first-page":"S22","article-title":"The Norwegian blood preparedness project: a whole blood program including civilian walking blood banks for early treatment of patients with life-threatening bleeding in municipal health care services, ambulance services, and rural hospitals","volume":"62 Suppl 1","author":"Apelseth","year":"2022","journal-title":"Transfusion"},{"key":"2025061306451149000_9.Suppl_1.e001151.8","first-page":"S313","article-title":"Civilian walking blood bank emergency preparedness plan","volume":"61 Suppl 1","author":"Holcomb","year":"2021","journal-title":"Transfusion"},{"key":"2025061306451149000_9.Suppl_1.e001151.9","unstructured":"STRAC -Southwest Texas regional advisory council. Available: https:\/\/strac.org\/ [Accessed 22 Feb 2023]."},{"key":"2025061306451149000_9.Suppl_1.e001151.10","unstructured":"Blood emergency readiness Corps. Available: https:\/\/bloodemergencyreadinesscorps.org [Accessed 14 Mar 2023]."},{"key":"2025061306451149000_9.Suppl_1.e001151.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000004563","article-title":"Evidence-based and clinically relevant outcomes for hemorrhage control trauma trials","volume":"273","author":"Holcomb","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"2025061306451149000_9.Suppl_1.e001151.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1093\/milmed\/usy120","article-title":"Whole blood transfusion","volume":"183","author":"Cap","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mil Med"},{"key":"2025061306451149000_9.Suppl_1.e001151.13","unstructured":"Blood transfusions safe: FDA\u2019s multi-layered protections for donated blood. Available: https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/vaccines-blood-biologics\/safety-availability-biologics\/keeping-blood-transfusions-safe-fdas-multi-layered-protections-donated-blood"},{"key":"2025061306451149000_9.Suppl_1.e001151.14","unstructured":"Exceptions and alternative procedures approved under 21 CFR 640.120. Available: https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/vaccines-blood-biologics\/regulation-blood-supply\/exceptions-and-alternative-procedures-approved-under-21-cfr-640120"}],"container-title":["Trauma Surgery &amp; Acute Care Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/tsaco-2023-001151","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,13]],"date-time":"2025-06-13T09:45:19Z","timestamp":1749807919000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/tsaco.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/tsaco-2023-001151"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"Suppl 1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,6]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/tsaco-2023-001151"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/tsaco-2023-001151","relation":{},"ISSN":["2397-5776"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2397-5776","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]}}}