{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T16:51:19Z","timestamp":1778172679082,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"Suppl 1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,14]],"date-time":"2025-04-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744588800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":13,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Trauma Surg Acute Care Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The management of the critically injured patient is reliant on a combination of clinical evaluation skills, knowledge of the disease process, and procedural capability. This is supplemented by diagnostic tools. Ultrasound use has rapidly evolved as one such diagnostic tool. The focused assessment by sonography in trauma (FAST) was the index ultrasound protocol for trauma but has since expanded to additional protocols to evaluate shock physiology and independent organ system function and to facilitate procedure techniques. This article reviews the currently applicable techniques relevant to the trauma patient, including regional protocols such as the FAST, extended FAST, and rapid ultrasound for shock and hypotension examinations; organ-system scans, including cardiac, lung, inferior vena cava, and transcranial ultrasound; and the role of ultrasound for various trauma-care procedures such as vascular access and nerve blocks.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/tsaco-2025-001779","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,14]],"date-time":"2025-04-14T19:00:16Z","timestamp":1744657216000},"page":"e001779","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Hocus pocus: advanced point-of-care ultrasound from the trauma bay to the surgical ICU"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Ian","family":"Ciesielski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9633-9206","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zaffer","family":"Qasim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025041412001307000_10.Suppl_1.e001779.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2361040791"},{"key":"2025041412001307000_10.Suppl_1.e001779.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2010.07.249","article-title":"What is the utility of the Focused Assessment with Sonography in Trauma (FAST) exam in penetrating torso trauma?","volume":"42","author":"Quinn","year":"2011","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"2025041412001307000_10.Suppl_1.e001779.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000001421","article-title":"FAST ultrasound examination as a predictor of outcomes after resuscitative thoracotomy: a prospective evaluation","volume":"262","author":"Inaba","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"2025041412001307000_10.Suppl_1.e001779.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjae.2017.10.003","article-title":"Extended focused assessment with sonography in trauma","volume":"18","author":"Desai","year":"2018","journal-title":"BJA Educ"},{"key":"2025041412001307000_10.Suppl_1.e001779.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/cem.2019.381"},{"key":"2025041412001307000_10.Suppl_1.e001779.6","article-title":"Chest ultrasonography versus supine chest radiography for diagnosis of pneumothorax in trauma patients in the emergency department","volume":"7","author":"Chan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"2025041412001307000_10.Suppl_1.e001779.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.29252\/beat-060402","article-title":"Diagnostic Accuracy of Rapid Ultrasound in Shock (RUSH) Exam; A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis","volume":"6","author":"Keikha","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bull Emerg Trauma"},{"key":"2025041412001307000_10.Suppl_1.e001779.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.08-2281"},{"key":"2025041412001307000_10.Suppl_1.e001779.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2017.07.085"},{"key":"2025041412001307000_10.Suppl_1.e001779.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2010.01.014"},{"key":"2025041412001307000_10.Suppl_1.e001779.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1197\/aemj.10.8.867"},{"key":"2025041412001307000_10.Suppl_1.e001779.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2011.10.017"},{"key":"2025041412001307000_10.Suppl_1.e001779.13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/cc11672","article-title":"Respiratory variations of inferior vena cava diameter to predict fluid responsiveness in spontaneously breathing patients with acute circulatory failure: need for a cautious use","volume":"16","author":"Muller","year":"2012","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"2025041412001307000_10.Suppl_1.e001779.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1160\/TH12-07-0473"},{"key":"2025041412001307000_10.Suppl_1.e001779.15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-014-0676-9","article-title":"Assessment of brain midline shift using sonography in neurosurgical ICU patients","volume":"18","author":"Motuel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"2025041412001307000_10.Suppl_1.e001779.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.emc.2004.04.003"},{"key":"2025041412001307000_10.Suppl_1.e001779.17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2012.09.016","article-title":"Ultrasound-guided peripheral intravenous access program is associated with a marked reduction in central venous catheter use in noncritically ill emergency department patients","volume":"61","author":"Shokoohi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"key":"2025041412001307000_10.Suppl_1.e001779.18","article-title":"Ultrasound guidance for upper and lower limb blocks","volume":"2015","author":"Lewis","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"2025041412001307000_10.Suppl_1.e001779.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jhm.2434"},{"key":"2025041412001307000_10.Suppl_1.e001779.20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000024644","article-title":"Comprehensive residency-based point-of-care ultrasound training program increases ultrasound utilization in the emergency department","volume":"100","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"2025041412001307000_10.Suppl_1.e001779.21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1285","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000004940","article-title":"Assessing Competence in Critical Care Echocardiography: Development and Initial Results of an Examination and Certification Processes","volume":"49","author":"Panebianco","year":"2021","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"}],"container-title":["Trauma Surgery &amp; Acute Care Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/tsaco-2025-001779","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,14]],"date-time":"2025-04-14T19:00:18Z","timestamp":1744657218000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/tsaco.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/tsaco-2025-001779"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"Suppl 1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,14]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/tsaco-2025-001779"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/tsaco-2025-001779","relation":{},"ISSN":["2397-5776"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2397-5776","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]}}}