{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,24]],"date-time":"2026-01-24T15:51:01Z","timestamp":1769269861662,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,21]],"date-time":"2012-01-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1327104000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":20,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Record"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Equine grass sickness (EGS) occurs mainly in Great Britain, but has once been reported in Hungary. The stud which was affected by EGS in 2001 had no new cases until 2009\/10, when 11 of 60 and five of 12 one\u2010 to three\u2010year\u2010old colts died or were euthanased due to EGS. Following a few hours in the high\u2010risk field during the winter of 2010\/11 further four cases of acute EGS were noted among these horses. The affected horses showed somewhat different clinical signs compared with the cases reported in Great Britain. Histopathological findings in these horses were consistent with EGS. In most examined cases carbofuran, a carbamate was found in the liver by toxicological examination, and it is postulated that carbofuran may influence the immune system and therefore predispose the horses to develop EGS. Carbamates are thought to cause a delayed neurotoxicity in human beings. Further studies are needed to clarify the potential role of carbamates in EGS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.100141","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,29]],"date-time":"2011-11-29T00:02:32Z","timestamp":1322524952000},"page":"75-75","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Outbreaks of equine grass sickness in Hungary"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"170","author":[{"given":"B.","family":"Schwarz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Equine Clinic Section Internal Medicine University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna Veterin\u00e4rplatz, 1 1210 Wien Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Brunthaler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pathology University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna Veterin\u00e4rplatz 1 1210 Wien Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Hahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuromuscular Disease Laboratory Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies University of Edinburgh Roslin Midlothian EH25 9RG UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"van den Hoven","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Equine Clinic Section Internal Medicine University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna Veterin\u00e4rplatz, 1 1210 Wien Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0272-0590(84)90215-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.147.21.603"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-4274(00)00307-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","first-page":"517","article-title":"Carbofuran poisoning in mallard ducks.","volume":"149","author":"Kupper J.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Schweizer Archiv f\u00fcr Tierheilkunde"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.20620"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2746\/0425164044868639"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ctep.2006.01.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","first-page":"8","article-title":"Carbofuran (Furadan) poisoning in animals","volume":"20","author":"Smith R. 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