{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T06:16:19Z","timestamp":1790403379644,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,24]],"date-time":"2012-03-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1332547200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":23,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Record"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In 2007, a human Q fever epidemic started, mainly in the south eastern part of The Netherlands with a suspected indirect relation to dairy goats, and, to a lesser degree, to dairy sheep. This article describes the Q fever prevalences in Dutch dairy goat and dairy sheep bulk tank milk (BTM) samples, using a real\u2010time (RT) PCR and ELISA. Results of BTM PCR and ELISA were compared with the serological status of individual animals, and correlations with a history of Q fever abortion were determined. When compared with ELISA results, the optimal cut\u2010off value for the RT\u2010PCR was 100 bacteria\/ml. In 2008, there were 392 farms with more than 200 dairy goats, of which 292 submitted a BTM sample. Of these samples, 96 (32.9 per cent) were PCR positive and 87 (29.8 per cent) were ELISA positive. All farms with a history of Q fever abortion (n=17) were ELISA positive, 16 out of 17 were also PCR positive. BTM PCR or ELISA positive farms had significantly higher within\u2010herd seroprevalences than BTM negative farms. In the south eastern provinces, the area where the human Q fever outbreak started in 2007, a significantly larger proportion of the BTM samples was PCR and ELISA positive compared to the rest of The Netherlands. None of the BTM samples from dairy sheep farms (n=16) were PCR positive but three of these farms were ELISA positive. The higher percentage of BTM positive farms in the area where the human Q fever outbreak started, supports the suspected relation between human cases and infected dairy goat farms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.100304","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,20]],"date-time":"2012-02-20T20:47:31Z","timestamp":1329770851000},"page":"310-310","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":71,"title":["<i>Coxiella burnetii<\/i>\n                    in bulk tank milk samples from dairy goat and dairy sheep farms in The Netherlands in 2008"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"170","author":[{"given":"R.","family":"van den Brom","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Small Ruminant Health Animal Health Service Deventer The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"van Engelen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostics Research and Epidemiology Animal Health Service Deventer The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Luttikholt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Small Ruminant Health Animal Health Service Deventer The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Moll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Small Ruminant Health Animal Health Service Deventer The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"van Maanen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostics Research and Epidemiology Animal Health Service Deventer The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Vellema","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Small Ruminant Health Animal Health Service Deventer The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1051\/vetres:2003017"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2005.04.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1051\/vetres:2005010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2010.11.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/169195a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2005.05.011","article-title":"Evaluation of three enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assays for detection of antibodies to Neospora caninum in bulk milk","volume":"131","author":"Bartels C. 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