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In these studies, single\u2010cycle, propagation\u2010defective replicon particle (RP) vaccines expressing IAV haemagglutinin (HA) and nucleoprotein (NP) genes were constructed and efficacy was evaluated in homologous and heterologous pig challenge studies with the pH1N1 2009\u00a0influenza virus (A\/California\/04\/2009). Homologous HA RP vaccination eliminated virus shedding and decreased pulmonary pathology in pigs following pH1N1 2009 challenge. An RP vaccine expressing an H3N2\u2010derived NP gene was able to decrease nasal shedding and viral load following heterosubtypic pH1N1 2009 challenge in pigs. These studies indicate that although homologous vaccination of swine remains the most effective means of preventing IAV infection, other vaccine alternatives do offer a level of heterosubtypic protection, and should continue to be evaluated for their ability to provide broader protection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.101741","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,28]],"date-time":"2013-09-28T20:25:18Z","timestamp":1380399918000},"page":"344-344","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Haemagglutinin and nucleoprotein replicon particle vaccination of swine protects against the pandemic H1N1 2009 virus"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"173","author":[{"given":"R. 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