{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T03:19:20Z","timestamp":1790997560458,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,5]],"date-time":"2014-07-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1404518400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Record"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    A total of 1180 faecal samples (528 from rabbits, 531 from chinchillas and 121 from guinea pigs) collected during 2006\u20132012 by veterinarians in Germany and in other European countries were submitted to a diagnostic laboratory for\n                    <jats:italic>Giardia<\/jats:italic>\n                    testing by means of coproantigen ELISA. Of these samples, 40 rabbits (7.6 per cent), 326 chinchillas (61.4 per cent) and five guinea pigs (4.1 per cent) were found to be positive. To gain insights into the genetic identity of\n                    <jats:italic>Giardia<\/jats:italic>\n                    in small mammals, ELISA\u2010positive samples from 23 chinchillas, five ferrets, a rabbit, and a Desmarest's hutia were investigated by PCR and sequencing of fragments of the small subunit ribosomal DNA (\n                    <jats:italic>ssu<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), the triose phosphate isomerase (\n                    <jats:italic>tpi<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) and the \u03b2\u2010giardin (\n                    <jats:italic>bg<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) genes. At the\n                    <jats:italic>ssu<\/jats:italic>\n                    locus, assemblage B was identified in 28 of 30 isolates, whereas assemblage A and D were each detected in one sample. The majority of isolates from chinchillas and those from ferrets had\n                    <jats:italic>Giardia duodenalis<\/jats:italic>\n                    sequences identical to sub\u2010assemblages AI or BIV, based on either a single locus (\n                    <jats:italic>tpi<\/jats:italic>\n                    or\n                    <jats:italic>bg<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) or multiple loci (\n                    <jats:italic>tpi<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>bg<\/jats:italic>\n                    ). As sub\u2010assemblages AI or BIV are associated with human infection, these results indicate that small mammals can act as reservoirs of cysts potentially infectious to humans.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.102236","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,3]],"date-time":"2014-04-03T02:14:18Z","timestamp":1396491258000},"page":"18-18","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["Occurrence and molecular typing of\n                    <i>Giardia<\/i>\n                    isolates in pet rabbits, chinchillas, guinea pigs and ferrets collected in Europe during 2006\u20132012"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"175","author":[{"given":"N.","family":"Pantchev","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"IDEXX Vet Med Labor GmbH Moerikestr. 28\/3 Ludwigsburg 71636 Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Broglia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR) Berlin, Germany EFSA, via C. Magno 1 43126 Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Paoletti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Universitsy of Teramo Piazza Aldo Moro 45 Teramo 64100 Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. Globokar","family":"Vrhovec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IDEXX Vet Med Labor GmbH Moerikestr. 28\/3 Ludwigsburg 71636 Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Bertram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IDEXX Vet Med Labor GmbH Moerikestr. 28\/3 Ludwigsburg 71636 Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"N\u00f6ckler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR) Diedersdorfer Weg 1 Berlin 12277 Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. M.","family":"Cacci\u00f2","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"European Union Reference Laboratory for Parasites and Department of Infectious Parasitic and mmunomediated Diseases Istituto Superiore di Sanit\u00e0 Viale Regina Elena 299 Rome 00161 Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-009-1703-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-12-65"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3449","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-013-3524-y","article-title":"Molecular typing of Giardia duodenalis isolates from German travellers","volume":"112","author":"Broglia A.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Parasitology Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004360050474"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3284315"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4161\/gmic.1.6.13608"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004360050427"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2004.10.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2009.11.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001262","article-title":"Multilocus genotyping of human Giardia isolates suggests limited zoonotic transmission and association between assemblage B and flatulence in children","volume":"5","author":"Lebbad M.","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS Neglect Tropical Disease"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2010.11.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/2071417a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.molbev.a026204"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2008.11.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182000065021"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","first-page":"296","article-title":"Endoparasites from indoor kept small mammals and hedgehogs. Laboratory evaluation of fecal, serological, and urinary samples (2002\u20132004)","volume":"4","author":"Pantchev N.","year":"2005","journal-title":"Tier\u00e4rztliche Praxis"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.d2962","article-title":"Increasing numbers of Giardia (but not coccidian) infection in ferrets, 2002 to 2010","volume":"168","author":"Pantchev N.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Veterinary Record"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1428.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.80.10.1259"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(01)00340-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(76)80097-2","article-title":"Giardiasis in the mouse: an animal model","volume":"71","author":"Roberts\u2010thompson I. C.","year":"1976","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.23.5.905-910.1986","article-title":"Isolation and identification of a Giardia lamblia \u2010specific stool antigen (GSA 65) useful in coprodiagnosis of giardiasis","volume":"23","author":"Rosoff J. D.","year":"1986","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","first-page":"75","article-title":"Giardiasis in the chinchilla. II. Incidence of the disease and results of experimental infections","volume":"15","author":"Shelton G. C.","year":"1954","journal-title":"American Journal of Veterinary Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","first-page":"71","article-title":"Giardiasis in the chinchilla. I. Observation on morphology, location in the intestinal tract, and host specificity","volume":"15","author":"Shelton G. C.","year":"1954","journal-title":"American Journal of Veterinary Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2011.03.049"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000558"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0911.030084"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-5-168"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2011.12.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0031262"}],"container-title":["Veterinary Record"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1136%2Fvr.102236","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/bvajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1136\/vr.102236","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T11:37:23Z","timestamp":1761651443000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bvajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1136\/vr.102236"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/vr.102236"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/vr.102236","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0042-4900","2042-7670"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0042-4900","type":"print"},{"value":"2042-7670","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]}}}