{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T16:07:05Z","timestamp":1761581225624,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,3]],"date-time":"2015-01-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1420243200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Record"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The laryngeal tie\u2010forward (LTF) procedure has been shown to move the larynx rostrally and dorsally whilst repositioning the basihyoid bone caudally and dorsally. Other studies have shown that the position of the hyoid bones influences the size of the nasopharynx. The effect of the LTF procedure on the size of the nasopharynx is unknown. It was hypothesised that the LTF procedure would result in a decrease in dorsoventral nasopharyngeal diameter. Twenty\u2010five thoroughbred horses which underwent LTF with or without soft palate cautery (LTF\u00b1SPC) for treatment of dorsal displacement of the soft palate were included in this study. Preoperative and postoperative lateral radiographs were used to determine changes in laryngohyoid position and nasopharyngeal diameter. The LTF\u00b1SPC procedure resulted in a significant reduction (14\u201317 per cent) in dorsoventral nasopharyngeal diameter (P&lt;0.001). The LTF procedure decreases nasopharyngeal diameter. The impact on upper respiratory tract function during exercise remains unclear.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.102509","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,15]],"date-time":"2014-08-15T02:38:50Z","timestamp":1408070330000},"page":"19-19","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The effect of the laryngeal tie\u2010forward procedure and soft palate cautery on nasopharyngeal diameter in horses"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"176","author":[{"given":"S.","family":"Offord","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary Science University of Bristol Langford Bristol BS40 5DU UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L. K.","family":"Tulloch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Royal Veterinary College London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S. H.","family":"Franklin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences University of Adelaide Adelaide Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"W. H.","family":"Tremaine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary Science University of Bristol Langford Bristol BS40 5DU UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N.S.","family":"Woodford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endell Veterinary Group Salisbury Wiltshire SP5 3DG UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K. J.","family":"Allen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Equine Sports Medicine Centre School of Veterinary Science University of Bristol Langford Bristol BS40 5DU UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.2011.00385.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","unstructured":"BeckerA. C. HornerN. T. HolcombeS. J.(1999)The effect of hyoid muscle traction on hyoid apparatus and epiglottic position and nasopharyngeal dimensions. Proceedings of the Veterinary Comparative Respiratory Society.www.the\u2010vcrs.org\/1999\u2010presenters.html"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.2010.01701.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2746\/042516408X313616"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-1-4377-0867-7.00044-2","volume-title":"Pharynx. In Equine Surgery. 4th edn","author":"Ducharme N. G.","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2746\/042516403776148200"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","unstructured":"FranklinS. H. McCluskieL. K. WoodfordN. S. TremaineW. H. LaneJ. G. BladonB. M. BarakzaiS. Z. DixonP. M. HillyerM. H. AllenK. J.(2009)A comparison of the efficacy of soft palate cautery and the laryngeal tie\u2010forward procedure in thoroughbred racehorses with a definitive diagnosis of palatal dysfunction.Proceedings of the 48th British Equine Veterinary Association. p168"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1660","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.1983.44.09.1660","article-title":"Radiographic assessment of epiglottic length and pharyngeal and laryngeal diameters in the thoroughbred","volume":"44","author":"Linford R. L.","year":"1983","journal-title":"American Journal of Veterinary Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.2008.00425.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","unstructured":"OrdidgeR. M.(2001)The treatment of dorsal displacement of the soft palate by thermal cautery: a review of 252 cases.Proceedings of the 2nd World Equine Airways Symposium"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","first-page":"343","article-title":"Heterogeneity in vertical positioning of the hyoid bone in relation to genioglossal activity in men","volume":"74","author":"Pae E.\u2010K.","year":"2004","journal-title":"The Angle Orthodontist"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2746\/042516408X281216"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","unstructured":"ReardonR. J. M. FraserB. S. L. BladonB. M.(2008)Laryngeal tie\u2010forward combined with thermocautery as treatment of horses with signs associated with intermittent dorsal displacement of the soft palate: a case\u2010control study in British racing Thoroughbreds.Proceedings of the 47th British Equine Veterinary Association. p340"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","first-page":"315","article-title":"A cephalometric comparison of patients with the sleep apnea\/hypopnea syndrome and their siblings","volume":"28","author":"Riha R. L.","year":"2005","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599811429522","article-title":"Hyoid bone advancement for improving airway patency: cadaver study of a magnet\u2010based system","volume":"143","author":"Rosenbluth K. 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