{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T13:44:18Z","timestamp":1761572658443,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,3]],"date-time":"2015-01-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1420243200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Record"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Traumatic brain injury is an important cause of hypopituitarism in human beings, but limited information exists in the veterinary literature regarding this condition. The primary study objective was to investigate whether hypothalamic\u2010anterior pituitary axis dysfunction exists following traumatic brain injury in 17 client owned dogs. In this retrospective, observational, open, cohort study, information about dogs presented to four separate referral centres between April 2008 and October 2013 was reviewed. Cases were included if they had suffered from non\u2010fatal traumatic brain injury, resulting in neurological dysfunction, and follow\u2010up evaluation included measurement of the serum concentration of insulin\u2010like growth factor 1 (IGF\u20101), endogenous adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH), basal cortisol, thyroid\u2010stimulating hormone, total thyroxine (TT\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) and, if appropriate, free thyroxine. Decreased IGF\u20101 concentration was the most common abnormality detected (7\/17, 41 per cent; median 132\u00a0ng\/ml, range &lt;15\u2013536), followed by a decreased TT\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    concentration (4\/17, 23 per cent; median 19, range 4\u201349). Basal cortisol concentration was less than 20\u00a0nmol\/l in two cases (2\/17, 12 per cent; median 65, range &lt;20\u20131735), with concurrently undetectable ACTH (&lt;5 pg\/ml). This study demonstrates that dogs with a history of traumatic brain injury can develop endocrine abnormalities indicative of hypothalamic\u2010anterior pituitary dysfunction.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.102626","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,9]],"date-time":"2014-09-09T00:03:00Z","timestamp":1410220980000},"page":"20-20","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Hypothalamic\u2010anterior pituitary hormone deficiencies following traumatic brain injury in dogs"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"176","author":[{"given":"K.","family":"Murtagh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine Small Animal Teaching Hospital University of Liverpool Chester High Road Neston CH64 7TE UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Arrol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cave Veterinary Specialists George's Farm, West Buckland Nr. Wellington TA21 9LE UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Goncalves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine Small Animal Teaching Hospital University of Liverpool Chester High Road Neston CH64 7TE UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Granger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary Sciences University of Bristol Langford House Langford North Somerset BS40 5DU UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A. J.","family":"German","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine Small Animal Teaching Hospital University of Liverpool Chester High Road Neston CH64 7TE UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P. M.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Davies Veterinary Specialists Hertfordshire SG5 3HR UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2005-0504"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.85.4.6506"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.1988.tb00257.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","first-page":"565","volume-title":"Miller's Anatomy of the Dog. 3rd edn","author":"Evans H. E.","year":"1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","first-page":"95","volume-title":"Canine and Feline Endocrinology and Reproduction","author":"Feldman E. C.","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","first-page":"407","volume-title":"Canine and Feline Endocrinology and Reproduction","author":"Feldman E. 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