{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T14:25:13Z","timestamp":1761575113937,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,3]],"date-time":"2016-12-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1480723200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Record"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Immunogenic proteins of\n                    <jats:italic>Leptospira interrogans<\/jats:italic>\n                    serovar Pomona type kennewicki (Lk) including Sph1, LigA, Hsp15 and LipL45 (Qlp42) are up\u2010regulated in infected horses but are undetectable or expressed in trace amounts on cultured organisms. In contrast, LipL32 is abundant on cultured Lk and elicits infection antibody responses. The aim of this study was to develop an ELISA based on LipL32 or Lk sonicate and host\u2010induced proteins to differentiate vaccine from infection serum antibody. IgG specific for recombinant Sph1, LigA, Lk90 (LigA; 379\u20131225 a.a), Hsp15, LipL45 and LipL32 of Lk were assayed in sera of horses infected naturally with Lk and before and after immunisation with serovar Pomona bacterin. Infection but not vaccine sera reacted strongly with Sph1, LigA and Lk90. LipL45 and Hsp15 reacted moderately with infection sera and weakly with vaccine sera. Lk sonicate and LipL32 reacted strongly with both infection and vaccine sera. As expected, culture\u2010based vaccine failed to stimulate antibody to host\u2010induced proteins. Therefore a dual antigen ELISA based on Lk sonicate or LipL32 combined with host\u2010induced Sph1 and Lk90 will be valuable in differentiating infection from vaccine responses.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.103686","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,20]],"date-time":"2016-09-20T22:59:02Z","timestamp":1474412342000},"page":"574-574","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Preliminary evaluation of a dual antigen ELISA to distinguish vaccinated from\n                    <i>Leptospira<\/i>\n                    infected horses"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"179","author":[{"given":"S.","family":"Velineni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Gluck Equine Research Center, University of Kentucky Lexington Kentucky 40546 USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. F.","family":"Timoney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gluck Equine Research Center, University of Kentucky Lexington Kentucky 40546 USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.72.2.742-749.2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1751-0147-51-15"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","unstructured":"CARTER C. N. COHEN N. STEINMAN M. N. SMITH J. L. EROL E.&BROWN S.(2012)Seroepidemiology of equine leptospirosis utilizing diagnostic laboratory specimens from 29 states (US) and one Canadian province.Proceedings of 55th Annual AAVLD Meet; p51"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/104063879500700114"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","unstructured":"ELLIS W. A.1999.Equine leptospirosis.Proceedings of 8th International Conference on Equine Infectious Diseases. EdsU.Werbery J. F.Wade J. A.Mumford&O. R.Kaaden.Newmarket UK:R&W Publications. pp155\u2013158"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.1983.tb01809.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.68.4.2276-2285.2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.67.12.6572-6582.1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02762011000400009"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","unstructured":"JUSUF S. S. D.(1997)Proteins ofLeptospira interrogansserovar Pomona type kennewicki reactive with serum antibodies of aborting mares and their fetuses(PhD dissertation). University of Kentucky"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.70.1.323-334.2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.69.12.7616-7624.2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.70.11.5924-5930.2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.101444"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","unstructured":"POONACHA K. B. DONAHUE J. M. SMITH B. J. GILES R. C. HONG C. B. PETRITES\u2010MURPHY M. B. SWERCZEK T. W.&TRAMONTIN R. R.(1994)The role ofLeptospira interrogansserovar Pomona type kennewicki as a cause of abortion and stillbirth in mares.Equine Infectious Diseases VII: Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference Tokyo pp113\u2013119"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","first-page":"432","article-title":"Equine periodic ophthalmia and leptospirosis","volume":"54","author":"ROSSI P.","year":"1954","journal-title":"Revue de pathologie g\u00e9n\u00e9rale et de physiologie clinique"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-2427(00)00247-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2007.05.053"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2011.02.049"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"VELINENI S. TIMONEY J. F. ARTIUSHIN S. C. DONAHUE J. M.&STEINMAN M.(2015)Multiple specificities of IgM in equine fetuses infected withLeptospira interrogansindicate a competent immune response.Equine Veterinary JournalPublished Online First: 16 Dec 2015.http:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/evj.12527http:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/evj.12527","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.12527"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.74.5.2659-2666.2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2009.02.038"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.234.7.938"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.1994.tb04345.x"}],"container-title":["Veterinary Record"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1136%2Fvr.103686","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/bvajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1136\/vr.103686","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T13:19:58Z","timestamp":1761571198000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bvajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1136\/vr.103686"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"22","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/vr.103686"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/vr.103686","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0042-4900","2042-7670"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0042-4900"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2042-7670"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]}}}