{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T13:59:11Z","timestamp":1761573551628,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,26]],"date-time":"2016-11-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1480118400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":25,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Record"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Juvenile bovine patients who present with clinical signs of lameness are commonly evaluated using radiographic techniques both within a hospital setting and in a farm environment. The radiographic development of the juvenile bovine skeleton is currently poorly documented. In this study, the limbs of four heifer calves were sequentially radiographed to assess development of the juvenile bovine appendicular skeleton in the first 12\u00a0months of life. Images were acquired at three weeks, three months, six months, nine months and one year of age. The normal radiographic anatomy of the fore limbs and hindlimbs and the changes over the first 12\u00a0months are described. The majority of physes remain open throughout this period, with the exception of the proximal physes of the proximal and middle phalanges, the proximal radial physis, and the proximal humeral physis which close radiographically between 9\u00a0months and 12\u00a0months of age, and fusion of the fourth and central tarsal bones occurs between 9\u00a0months and 12\u00a0months of age. The results of this study may aid in differentiating normal and abnormal anatomy in the juvenile bovine limb.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.103689","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,24]],"date-time":"2016-08-24T22:39:58Z","timestamp":1472078398000},"page":"546-546","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Radiographic anatomy of juvenile bovine limbs"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"179","author":[{"given":"S. E.","family":"Hoey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Diagnostic Imaging University College Dublin, School of Veterinary Medicine Dublin Ireland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A. H.","family":"Biedrzycki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Large Animal Clinical Science University of Florida Gainesville FL USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M. J.","family":"Livesey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Sciences School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin\u2010Madison Madison WI USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Drees","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Diagnostic Imaging Hawkshead Lane, North Mymms, Hatfield Hertfordshire AL9 7TA UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","first-page":"62","article-title":"Radiology of the bovine foot: an approach for the practitioner","volume":"33","author":"BARGAI U.","year":"1993","journal-title":"The Veterinary Annual"},{"volume-title":"Bovine Radiology","year":"1989","author":"BARGAI U.","key":"e_1_2_7_3_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","first-page":"268","article-title":"Guidelines for taking and interpretating radiographs of the bovine foot","volume":"91","author":"EBEID M.","year":"1996","journal-title":"Veterinary Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","first-page":"208","article-title":"Demonstrating radiographic anatomy of the bovine digit with unique 3D illustrations","volume":"17","author":"FALSTEAD C.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cattle Practice"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","unstructured":"GEISSB\u00dcHLER U. 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