{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T17:53:22Z","timestamp":1776794002083,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,2]],"date-time":"2017-09-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1504310400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003030","name":"Ag\u00e8ncia de Gesti\u00f3 d\u2019Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003030","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007136","name":"Secretar\u00eda de Estado de Investigaci\u00f3n, Desarrollo e Innovaci\u00f3n","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007136","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Institut f\u00fcr veterin\u00e4rbakteriologie Bern"},{"name":"Government of Italy"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Record"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Infectious keratoconjunctivitis (IKC) is a contagious eye disease primarily caused by\n                    <jats:italic>Mycoplasma conjunctivae<\/jats:italic>\n                    in domestic and wild Caprinae.\n                    <jats:italic>Chlamydophila<\/jats:italic>\n                    species have also been detected in ruminants with IKC. The objectives of this study are to investigate the ocular infection of\n                    <jats:italic>M. conjunctivae<\/jats:italic>\n                    and Chlamydiaceae and assess its interaction in relation to IKC in sheep and goats from remote communities around the Central Karakoram National Park in Pakistan, performing a combination of cross\u2010sectional and case\u2013control study design. Mostly asymptomatic and endemic infections of\n                    <jats:italic>M. conjunctivae<\/jats:italic>\n                    and Chlamydiaceae were found in sheep (19.3 per cent and 4.5 per cent, respectively) and goats (9.5 per cent and 1.9 per cent, respectively) from all communities, assessed by qPCR. Prevalence significantly differed between species only for\n                    <jats:italic>M. conjunctivae<\/jats:italic>\n                    (P=0.0184), which was also more prevalent in younger sheep (P&lt;0.01).\n                    <jats:italic>Chlamydophila pecorum<\/jats:italic>\n                    was identified by sequencing and was related with IKC only when coinfection with\n                    <jats:italic>M. conjunctivae<\/jats:italic>\n                    occurred, which suggest a synergic interaction. Cluster analysis of\n                    <jats:italic>M. conjunctivae<\/jats:italic>\n                    strains revealed higher diversity of strains than expected, evidenced interspecific transmission and suggested a higher local livestock trade than previously assumed. These results highlight the widespread occurrence of\n                    <jats:italic>M conjunctivae<\/jats:italic>\n                    in sheep worldwide and its implications for wildlife should be assessed from a conservation perspective.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.103948","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,1]],"date-time":"2017-08-01T20:50:19Z","timestamp":1501620619000},"page":"237-237","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Infectious keratoconjunctivitis and occurrence of\n                    <i>Mycoplasma conjunctivae<\/i>\n                    and Chlamydiaceae in small domestic ruminants from Central Karakoram, Pakistan"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"181","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4939-6048","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xavier","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez\u2010Aguilar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Servei d'Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge, Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona Bellaterra Spain"},{"name":"Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroaliment\u00e0ries (IRTA), Campus de la Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona Bellaterra Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Rossi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie University of Torino Grugliasco Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"\u00d3scar","family":"Cabez\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servei d'Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge, Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona Bellaterra Spain"},{"name":"Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroaliment\u00e0ries (IRTA), Campus de la Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona Bellaterra Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Giorgino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie University of Torino Grugliasco Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Isis","family":"Victoriano Llopis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie University of Torino Grugliasco Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joachim","family":"Frey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vetsuisse Faculty Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, University of Bern Bern Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jorge Ram\u00f3n","family":"L\u00f3pez\u2010Olvera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servei d'Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge, Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona Bellaterra Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.20506\/rst.21.2.1338"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470753316.ch50"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.18.3.816-822.1977"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01652176.1988.9694175"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.00690-17"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-1135(01)00407-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1751-0147-45-19"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-6148-9-253"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0007-1935(05)80097-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.120.10.238"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","first-page":"229","article-title":"Experimental conjunctival infection of lambs with a strain of Chlamydia psittaci isolated from the eyes of a sheep naturally affected with keratoconjunctivitis","volume":"127","author":"Wilsmore AJ","year":"1990","journal-title":"Vet Rec"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/lam.12362"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2015.09.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-28.2.171"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-32.2.326"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2008.09.034"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1865-1682.2012.01337.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","first-page":"79","article-title":"Diagnosis of Mycoplasma conjunctivae and Chlamydophila spp in an episode of conjunctivitis\/keratoconjunctivitis in lambs","volume":"62","author":"Lysnyansky I","year":"2007","journal-title":"Israel Journal of Veterinary Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/104063871102300223"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0061887"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Encounters between Alpine Ibex, Alpine Chamois and Domestic Sheep in the Swiss Alps","volume":"13","author":"Ryser\u2010Degiorgis M\u2010P","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hystrix"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3802069"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2981\/0909-6396(2008)14[118:SOMCSF]2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.69.4.1913-1919.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.147.3.72"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","first-page":"23","volume-title":"Pakistan Economic Survey","author":"ANONYMOUS","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.148.18.567"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0021859600024874"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","volume-title":"A manual for primary animal health care worker","author":"Food and agriculture organization of the United Nations","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mimet.2007.05.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.00536-11"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/00207713-49-2-415"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.1501"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1198\/106186006X133933"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","volume-title":"A language and environment for statistical computing","author":"R Development core team 3.1.3","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","author":"Stevenson M","year":"2012","journal-title":"epiR: An R Package for the Analysis of Epidemiological Data"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.99.8.137"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/icb.1973.56"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.18.3.806-815.1977"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01652176.1988.9694153"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-012-0282-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.5.1.70-76.1972"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","first-page":"231","article-title":"The identification of Mycoplasma conjunctivae as an aetiological agent of infectious keratoconjunctivitis of sheep in South Africa","volume":"61","author":"Van Halderen A","year":"1994","journal-title":"Onderstepoort J Vet Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00480169.2003.36362"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-48.3.619"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2008.08.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-1135(98)00186-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2014.08.018"}],"container-title":["Veterinary Record"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1136%2Fvr.103948","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/bvajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1136\/vr.103948","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T11:16:18Z","timestamp":1761650178000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bvajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1136\/vr.103948"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,9]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/vr.103948"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/vr.103948","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0042-4900","2042-7670"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0042-4900","type":"print"},{"value":"2042-7670","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,9]]}}}