{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T20:52:19Z","timestamp":1790801539895,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,1]],"date-time":"2017-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1512086400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"ERA-NET programme EMIDA"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Record"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Pig farmers are strongly encouraged to reduce their antimicrobial usage because of the rising threat from antimicrobial resistance. However, such efforts should not compromise the herd health status and performance. This study aimed to describe the profile of so\u2010called \u2018top\u2010farms\u2019 that managed to combine both high technical performance and low antimicrobial usage. A cross\u2010sectional study was conducted among 227 farrow\u2010to\u2010finish farms in Belgium, France, Germany and Sweden. Among them, 44 farms were allocated to the top\u2010farms group and were compared with the \u2019regular\u2019 farms group in terms of farm characteristics, biosecurity and health status. Top\u2010farms had fewer gastrointestinal symptoms in suckling pigs and fewer respiratory symptoms in fatteners, which could partly explain their reduced need for antimicrobials and higher performance. They also had higher biosecurity and were located in sparsely populated pig areas. However, 14 farms of the top\u2010farms group were located in densely populated pig areas, but still managed to have low usage and high technical performance; they had higher internal biosecurity and more extensive vaccination against respiratory pathogens. These results illustrate that it is possible to control infectious diseases using other approaches than high antimicrobial usage, even in farms with challenging environmental and health conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.103988","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,19]],"date-time":"2017-10-19T20:10:26Z","timestamp":1508443826000},"page":"657-657","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Profile of pig farms combining high performance and low antimicrobial usage within four European countries"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"181","author":[{"given":"Lucie","family":"Collineau","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"SAFOSO AG Liebefeld Switzerland"},{"name":"LUNAM Universit\u00e9, Oniris, INRA Nantes France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annette","family":"Backhans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeroen","family":"Dewulf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Epidemiology Unit, Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Ghent University Salisburylaan Merelbeke Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ulf","family":"Emanuelson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisabeth","family":"grosse Beilage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Field Station for Epidemiology University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover Bakum Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Leh\u00e9bel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BIOEPAR, INRA, Oniris Nantes France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Svenja","family":"Loesken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Field Station for Epidemiology University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover Bakum Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisabeth","family":"Okholm Nielsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Danish Agriculture &amp; Food Council Pig Research Centre Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3628-2014","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Merel","family":"Postma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Epidemiology Unit, Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Ghent University Salisburylaan Merelbeke Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie","family":"Sj\u00f6lund","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Animal Health and Antimicrobial Strategies National Veterinary Institute Uppsala Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katharina D C","family":"St\u00e4rk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SAFOSO AG Liebefeld Switzerland"},{"name":"Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences Royal Veterinary College Hawkshead UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine","family":"Belloc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BIOEPAR, INRA, Oniris Nantes France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"First joint report on the integrated analysis of the consumption of antimicrobial agents and occurrence of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria from humans and food\u2010producing animals","volume":"13","author":"ECDC (European Centre For Disease Prevention And Control), EFSA (European Food Safety Authority) and EMA (European Medicines Agency)","year":"2015","journal-title":"EFSA Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament and the Council. 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