{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T01:34:27Z","timestamp":1784252067776,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,27]],"date-time":"2017-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1495843200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":26,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012895","name":"Zoetis","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012895","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Record"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Recently, a lateral flow assay (LFA) for detection of\n                    <jats:italic>Leptospira<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010specific IgM in canine sera became commercially available in Europe. The present study aims to evaluate the diagnostic performance of this assay using canine sera from a collection of diagnostic accessions. Diagnostic sensitivity was assessed by testing 37 acute\u2010phase and 9 corresponding convalescent\u2010phase sera from dogs with a confirmed diagnosis of leptospirosis. Specificity was determined by testing sera from sick dogs with non\u2010leptospiral infections (n=15) and healthy dogs with incomplete history of vaccination (n=45). During acute phase of illness, LFA scored positive for 28\/37 sera with a sensitivity of 75.7 per cent while only 9\/37 (24.3 per cent) samples were positive on microscopic agglutination test. The specificity of the LFA was 98.3 per cent (59\/60). This test showed 89.7 and 100 per cent overall agreements with clinical diagnosis for acute\u2010phase and convalescent\u2010phase sera, respectively. The impact of vaccination on the LFA was also determined and vaccine\u2010stimulated IgM responses were negative in 19\/25 (76 per cent) dogs at 12 weeks post vaccination. In conclusion, the LFA is a rapid and reliable test for early detection of\n                    <jats:italic>Leptospira<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010specific IgM during acute phase of canine leptospirosis. However, interpretation of a positive result must be made in the context of clinical signs and vaccination history.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.104134","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,24]],"date-time":"2017-02-24T21:05:16Z","timestamp":1487970316000},"page":"517-517","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Evaluation of a rapid IgM detection test for diagnosis of acute leptospirosis in dogs"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"180","author":[{"given":"J.","family":"Lizer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Medicine Research and Development Zoetis, 333 Portage St., Kalamazoo Michigan 49007 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Grahlmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Small Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin Oertzenweg 19b Berlin 14163 Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Hapke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Small Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin Oertzenweg 19b Berlin 14163 Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Velineni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Medicine Research and Development Zoetis, 333 Portage St., Kalamazoo Michigan 49007 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Medicine Research and Development Zoetis, Hoge Wei 10, Zaventem 1930 Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Kohn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Small Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin Oertzenweg 19b Berlin 14163 Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2011.01.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/00222615-11-4-387"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.11.5.452-457.1980"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.41.2.803-809.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(03)00830-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1096-2867(96)80029-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.42.12.5484-5488.2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1999.61.731"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00152-07"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.c4965"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","first-page":"21","volume-title":"Guidelines for the control of leptospirosis","author":"FAINE S.","year":"1982"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","volume-title":"Leptospira and Leptospirosis Melbourne","author":"FAINE S.","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/21.1.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5326\/JAAHA-MS-5590"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/00221287-139-8-1691"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","first-page":"402","volume-title":"Infectious Diseases of the Dog and Cat","author":"GREENE C. 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