{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T03:47:27Z","timestamp":1790480847119,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,24]],"date-time":"2018-03-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1521849600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":23,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003107","name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Gesundheit","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003107","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Federal Ministry of Health, Austria; Federal Ministry for Agriculture and Environment, Austria; Vet Arbeitskreis Gefluegelforschung (VAG), Austria"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Record"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    In the present study 66 layer flocks housed in different alternative husbandry systems were monitored from placement of birds on the farm until slaughter to evaluate a possible influence on the occurrence of selected non\u2010infectious as well as infectious diseases. Postmortems were performed and the occurrence of extraintestinal\n                    <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Gallibacterium anatis<\/jats:italic>\n                    was investigated. No specific postmortem findings were seen in pullets. Non\u2010infectious diseases were mainly found in layers. Most prominent postmortem findings in layers were reproductive tract lesions and the presence of intestinal helminths. From each flock\n                    <jats:italic>E coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    and from approximately 65 per centof the flocks\n                    <jats:italic>G anatis<\/jats:italic>\n                    were isolated. No significant differences were seen in regard to the housing system, but the prevalence of\n                    <jats:italic>G anatis<\/jats:italic>\n                    increased with the age of birds. The majority of reproductive tract lesions could be associated with\n                    <jats:italic>E coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    alone or\n                    <jats:italic>G anatis<\/jats:italic>\n                    co\u2010infections. The prevalence of\n                    <jats:italic>Ascaridia galli<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Heterakis gallinarum<\/jats:italic>\n                    was not influenced by the housing system, but significantly increased with age. Cestodes were present in six flocks. Histomonosis was detected twice.\n                    <jats:italic>Dermanyssus gallinae<\/jats:italic>\n                    was found in 5 pullet and 20 layer flocks. Additional investigations were performed on demand. Again, reproductive tract lesions were the most prominent postmortem findings. In one flock each histomonosis or erysipelas was diagnosed, respectively. Severe affection by\n                    <jats:italic>D gallinae<\/jats:italic>\n                    was found once. Necrotic enteritis was seen in two layer flocks.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.104632","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,8]],"date-time":"2018-02-08T04:58:07Z","timestamp":1518065887000},"page":"350-350","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Influence of alternative husbandry systems on postmortem findings and prevalence of important bacteria and parasites in layers monitored from end of rearing until slaughter"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"182","author":[{"given":"Angelika","family":"Zloch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, Clinic for Poultry and Fish Medicine University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabrina","family":"Kuchling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division for Data, Statistics and Risk Assessment Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety (AGES) Graz Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Hess","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, Clinic for Poultry and Fish Medicine University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Hess","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, Clinic for Poultry and Fish Medicine University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","unstructured":"European Union.Council directive 1999\/74\/ec laying down minimal standards for the protection of laying hens.http:\/\/eur\u2010lex.europa.eu\/LexUriServ\/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:1999:203:0053:0057:EN:PDF"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.161.4.119"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1637\/11247-080415-Reg.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","first-page":"168","article-title":"Actual infectious diseases in layer flocks kept in alternative rearing systems","volume":"29","author":"Hafez H","year":"2001","journal-title":"Tier\u00e4rztliche Praxis"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","first-page":"181","article-title":"Legehennen in alternative Haltungssystemen \u2013 Praktische Erfahrungen","volume":"110","author":"Petermann S","year":"2003","journal-title":"Deutsche Tier\u00e4rztliche Wochenschrift"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1751-0147-51-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03079450802577848"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1637\/9375-041910-Reg.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03079457.2014.907485"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00071669987179"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00071668.2012.757577"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00071668.2017.1280723"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.c6479"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1637\/9609-120610-ResNote.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.0741793"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.157.8.233"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.164.7.203"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00071660410001730815"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.2010-00770"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7120\/096272812799129376"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","unstructured":"Austrian Federal Act on Animal Welfare.BGBl. 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