{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T19:23:20Z","timestamp":1774380200219,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,1]],"date-time":"2020-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1580515200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"CONPRRS (platform created with the aim of developing PRRS control programs in Spain composed by researchers from UAB, UdL, UCM and IRTA, and supported by Hipra, Merial, MSD and SYVA Laboratories"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Record"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sows in breeding herds are often mass vaccinated against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) every few months using modified live vaccines (MLV). Field veterinarians repeatedly report that multiple vaccinated sows test negative in ELISA. Obviously, this creates uncertainty when assessing the compliance of vaccination and the status of sows.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In the present study, four commercial ELISAs were used to assess the serological PRRS status in gilts and sows of three farms that were PRRS MLV vaccinated every four months. Animals were tested before vaccination (BV) and postvaccination (PV). Total and neutralising antibodies and cell\u2010mediated responses were also measured in animals that yielded negative results in all ELISAs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The proportion of seronegative animals BV varied depending on the farm and the ELISA used. When samples were analysed using only one ELISA, a substantial number of negative results obtained BV remained as negative afterwards. Five animals were negative BV and PV with all the examined ELISAs. Those animals also yielded negative results in all the other immunological assays.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our findings suggest that the use of ELISA for monitoring multiple PRRS MLV vaccinated sows is very limited due to the variability of the humoral responses and the moderate agreement between tests.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.105432","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,1]],"date-time":"2019-10-01T17:15:28Z","timestamp":1569950128000},"page":"123-123","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Using commercial ELISAs to assess humoral response in sows repeatedly vaccinated with modified live porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"186","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8090-1073","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ivan","family":"D\u00edaz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"IRTA, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA, IRTA\u2010UAB) Bellaterra Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Blanca","family":"Gen\u00eds\u2010Jorquera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRTA, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA, IRTA\u2010UAB) Bellaterra Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gerard E","family":"Mart\u00edn\u2010Valls","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departament de Sanitat i Anatomia Animals, Facultat Veterin\u00e0ria Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona Bellaterra Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Enric","family":"Mateu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRTA, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA, IRTA\u2010UAB) Bellaterra Spain"},{"name":"Departament de Sanitat i Anatomia Animals, Facultat Veterin\u00e0ria Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona Bellaterra Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.54846\/jshap\/754","article-title":"Assessment of the economic impact of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus on United States pork producers","volume":"21","author":"Holtkamp DJ","year":"2013","journal-title":"JSHAP"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","first-page":"15","article-title":"Effect of reducing cross fostering at birth on piglet mortality and performance during an acute outbreak of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome","volume":"2000","author":"McCaw MB","year":"2000","journal-title":"Swine Health 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