{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T05:52:30Z","timestamp":1789451550043,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1998,5,23]],"date-time":"1998-05-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":895881600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":22,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Agriculture, Nature Management and Fisheries, and the Ministry of Welfare"},{"name":"Health and Cultural Affairs"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Record"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Preliminary findings have indicated that in naturally infected sheep, fully susceptible to scrapie (vRQ\u2010homozygous), PrP\n                    <jats:sup>Sc<\/jats:sup>\n                    can be detected in the tonsils approximately one year before the expected onset of clinical disease, whereas no immunostaining can be detected in animals with a semi\u2010resistant genotype. This paper describes the technique for taking tonsillar biopsies from sheep and gives the results of the completed experiment. In another experiment PrP\n                    <jats:sup>Sc<\/jats:sup>\n                    was detected even earlier in comparable vRQ\u2010homozygous sheep born and raised in different surroundings. At three\u2010and\u2010a\u2010half months of age no PrP\n                    <jats:sup>Sc<\/jats:sup>\n                    could be detected in three homozygous susceptible sheep (VRQ\/VRQ), but Prp\n                    <jats:sup>Sc<\/jats:sup>\n                    was detected at four months in one similar sheep. At eight months of age all seven sampled VRQ\/VRQ sheep showed positive immunostaining in the biopsies, but none of the biopsies from three VRQ\/ARQ heterozygotes showed any immunostaining; they were positive when sampled at 14 to 15\u00a0months of age. Biopsies from VRQ\/ARR sheep were negative throughout this period. On the basis of the established or expected incubation period, PrP\n                    <jats:sup>Sc<\/jats:sup>\n                    could thus be detected in the tonsils of live susceptible animals at between one\u2010third and a half of the incubation period, more than oneand\u2010a\u2010half years before clinical signs normally appear in both these genotypes.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.142.21.564","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,4]],"date-time":"2010-10-04T23:03:59Z","timestamp":1286233439000},"page":"564-568","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":134,"title":["Tonsillar biopsy and PrP\n                    <sup>Sc<\/sup>\n                    detection in the preclinical diagnosis of scrapie"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"142","author":[{"given":"B. E. C.","family":"Schreuder","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"DLO\u2010Institute for Animal Science and Health (ID\u2010DLO) PO Box 65, 8200 AB Lelystad The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L. J. M.","family":"van Keulen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DLO\u2010Institute for Animal Science and Health (ID\u2010DLO) PO Box 65, 8200 AB Lelystad The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. E. W.","family":"Vromans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DLO\u2010Institute for Animal Science and Health (ID\u2010DLO) PO Box 65, 8200 AB Lelystad The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. P. M.","family":"Langeveld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DLO\u2010Institute for Animal Science and Health (ID\u2010DLO) PO Box 65, 8200 AB Lelystad The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. A.","family":"Smits","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DLO\u2010Institute for Animal Science and Health (ID\u2010DLO) PO Box 65, 8200 AB Lelystad The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1998,5,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-76-3-509"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-77-10-2669"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410350504"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/39057"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","unstructured":"COMMISSION DECISION(1997)EC97\/345 (Implementation pending)"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","unstructured":"FARQUHAR C. F. SOMERVILLE R. A. DORNAN A. ARMSTRONG D. 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