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The horses were tested when restrained with a lip twitch, and assessed when they were exposed suddenly to the rapid inflation of a balloon. The heart rate of the crib\u2010biters during crib\u2010biting was lower than during other behaviour. The crib\u2010biters had a higher overall mean heart rate (P&lt;0.05) suggesting that they may have had a higher basal sympathetic activity. After the application of the twitch, all the horses had a transient increase in heart rate which returned to basal values more rapidly in the crib\u2010biters. The crib\u2010biters were less reactive to the lip twitch, five of the six investigated remaining calm, and after the release of the twitch, they spent more time nibbling (P&lt;0.05) than the control horses. The crib\u2010biters reacted more strongly to the inflation of the balloon (three of the six reacted), and after it had been inflated they spent more time walking in the box.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.145.15.430","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,5]],"date-time":"2010-10-05T02:05:51Z","timestamp":1286244351000},"page":"430-433","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Heart rate and behavioural responses of crib\u2010biting horses to two acute stressors"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"145","author":[{"given":"M.","family":"Minero","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto di Zootecnica Veterinaria Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano Via Celoria, 10 20133 Milano Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Canali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto di Zootecnica Veterinaria Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano Via Celoria, 10 20133 Milano Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V.","family":"Ferrante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto di Zootecnica Veterinaria Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano Via Celoria, 10 20133 Milano Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Verga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto di Zootecnica Veterinaria Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano Via Celoria, 10 20133 Milano Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F. 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