{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T01:14:30Z","timestamp":1785892470501,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,1,1]],"date-time":"2000-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":946684800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Record"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Three young Suffolk ram lambs had lesions which rendered them reproductively unsound. One had a unilateral scrotal hernia, detected by palpation, and two had sperm granulomas which were detected by trans\u2010scrotal ultrasonography at 18 to 20 weeks of age, before they could be detected by palpation. Changes in the lesions were monitored ultrasonographically at two\u2010week intervals with a 7.5\u00a0MHz linear array transducer. On the day of each examination, semen was collected from the rams with sperm granulomas by using an artificial vagina, and their libido was assessed. Semen could rarely be collected from the third ram. Comparisons were made with similar data obtained from two normal rams. When the rams were 20 to 21\u00a0months of age, they were vasectomised on the normal side, so that the influence of the lesions on semen composition and libido could be assessed, and semen was collected and evaluated until they were euthanased at approximately 24\u00a0months of age, when the genital system was examined for gross lesions. The sperm granulomas changed in size (one of them increased in size by about 30 times) and echotexture over the 19\u2010month period of the study, whereas the scrotal hernia, which contained omental fat, remained fairly constant. The libido of the two rams with sperm granulomas was comparable with the two normal controls. The total mean (sem) number of sperm in the ejaculates were 1.11 (0.10) \u00d7 10\n                    <jats:sup>9<\/jats:sup>\n                    and 2.03 (0.17) \u00d7 10\n                    <jats:sup>9<\/jats:sup>\n                    sperm\/ml in the affected rams and 4.11 \u00d7 10\n                    <jats:sup>9<\/jats:sup>\n                    sperm\/ml in the normal rams over the same period; the differences were significant (P&lt;0.05). After unilateral vasectomy, the ejaculates from these two rams contained small numbers of dead spermatozoa, mostly with degenerate heads. Postmortem examination confirmed the gross lesions identified ultrasonographically.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.146.1.10","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,8]],"date-time":"2010-10-08T14:05:40Z","timestamp":1286546740000},"page":"10-15","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Ultrasonography of spontaneous lesions of the genital system of three rams, and their influence on semen quality"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"146","author":[{"given":"N.","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Farm Animal and Equine Medicine and Surgery Royal Veterinary College University of London Hawkshead Lane, North Mymms Hatfield AL9 7TA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G. C. W.","family":"England","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Farm Animal and Equine Medicine and Surgery Royal Veterinary College University of London Hawkshead Lane, North Mymms Hatfield AL9 7TA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D. E.","family":"Noakes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Farm Animal and Equine Medicine and Surgery Royal Veterinary College University of London Hawkshead Lane, North Mymms Hatfield AL9 7TA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2000,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-4320(95)01378-D"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.137.5.112"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.128.21.491"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/jrf.0.0680145"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1985.187.05.500","article-title":"Unilateral scrotal hernia repair in a ram lamb","volume":"187","author":"BRAUN W. F.","year":"1985","journal-title":"Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/0093-691X(81)90098-4","article-title":"Libido and mating behaviour in bulls, boars and rams. A review","volume":"16","author":"CHENOWITH P. J.","year":"1981","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","first-page":"120","volume-title":"Surgery of the Reproductive Tract of Large Animals","author":"COX J. E.","year":"1987"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/26.11.1303"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","first-page":"257","volume-title":"Reproductive Pathology of Domestic Mammals","author":"MCENTEE K.","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0007-1935(88)90151-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1834","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1990.196.11.1834","article-title":"Use of ultrasonographic and nuclear imaging to diagnose scrotal hernia in a dog","volume":"196","author":"MITCHENER K. L.","year":"1990","journal-title":"Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/jrf.0.0440575"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)40093-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)39975-7"}],"container-title":["Veterinary Record"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1136%2Fvr.146.1.10","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/bvajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1136\/vr.146.1.10","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T12:50:11Z","timestamp":1761483011000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bvajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1136\/vr.146.1.10"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2000,1]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/vr.146.1.10"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/vr.146.1.10","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0042-4900","2042-7670"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0042-4900","type":"print"},{"value":"2042-7670","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2000,1]]}}}