{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T02:53:31Z","timestamp":1789095211145,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,4,15]],"date-time":"2000-04-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":955756800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":14,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Record"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The medical records of 91 dogs with heartworm (\n                    <jats:italic>Dirofilaria immitis<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) infection were reviewed, and diagnoses were established by using parasitological and immunological methods. Twenty\u2010one animals were asymptomatic (stage 1), 57 had mild to moderate clinical signs (stage 11), and 13 had the severe form of the disease including right congestive heart failure and the caval syndrome (stage 111). Thoracic radiography revealed right ventricular enlargement in 38 of the dogs, pulmonary vascular enlargement in 43, and parenchymal lesions in 27. Only the cardiac and vascular changes were correlated positively with the clinical stages.\n                    <jats:italic>D immitis<\/jats:italic>\n                    microfilaraemia was detected in 75 of 85 dogs. Occult infection occurred only in eight stage 11 and two stage Ill dogs. Thirty\u2010two of the dogs were treated with thiacetarsamide and 39 were treated with melarsomine, and no differences were found in terms of drug efficacy or complication rate; nine stage 11 dogs suffered pulmonary thromboembolism and one suffered acute liver disease and there were six fatalities. The 50 treated dogs in stages 11 and Ill which were followed up for six months all recovered completely. The performance of 38 of 61 working dogs was completely restored, and the performance of another four was partially restored.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.146.16.466","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,8]],"date-time":"2010-10-08T14:05:40Z","timestamp":1286546740000},"page":"466-469","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Clinical and laboratory observations in 91 dogs infected with\n                    <i>Dirofilaria immitis<\/i>\n                    in northern Greece"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"146","author":[{"given":"Z. S.","family":"Polizopoulou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Companion Animal Medicine Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Stavrou Voutyra 11 54627 Thessaloniki Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. F.","family":"Koutinas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Companion Animal Medicine Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Stavrou Voutyra 11 54627 Thessaloniki Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. N.","family":"Saridomichelakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Companion Animal Medicine Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Stavrou Voutyra 11 54627 Thessaloniki Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. N.","family":"Patsikas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Surgery Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Stavrou Voutyra 11 54627 Thessaloniki Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. K.","family":"Desiris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Surgery Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Stavrou Voutyra 11 54627 Thessaloniki Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N. A.","family":"Roubies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Stavrou Voutyra 11 54627 Thessaloniki Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L. S.","family":"Leontidis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Economics of Animal Production, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Thessaly Terma Trikalon 43100 Karditsa Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2000,4,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","unstructured":"ANALYTICAL SOFTWARE(1992)User's manual. Ed G. Siegel."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","first-page":"553","article-title":"Heartworm disease: an update","volume":"12","author":"ATKINS C.","year":"1998","journal-title":"Proceedings of the North American Veterinary Conference"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","first-page":"487","volume-title":"Saunders Manual of Small Animal Medicine","author":"CALVERT C. A.","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.1986.tb00611.x","article-title":"Comparison of radiographic and electrocardiographic abnormalities in canine heartworm disease","volume":"27","author":"CALVERT C. A.","year":"1986","journal-title":"Veterinary Radiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","first-page":"348","volume-title":"Current Veterinary Therapy VIII","author":"CALVERT C. A.","year":"1983"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","first-page":"519","volume-title":"Canine and Feline Cardiology","author":"CALVERT C. A.","year":"1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1201","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1982.180.10.1201","article-title":"Treatment of canine heartworm disease coexisting with right\u2010sided heart failure","volume":"180","author":"CALVERT C. A.","year":"1982","journal-title":"Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","unstructured":"CASE J. L. TANNER P. A. KEISTER D. M.&MEO N. J.(1995)A clinical field trial of melarsomine dihydrochloride (rm340) in dogs with severe (class 3) heartworm disease. Eds M. D. Soll D. H. Knight.Proceedings of the Heartworm Symposium 1995.American Heartworm Society. pp243\u2013250"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","unstructured":"CHURCH D. B.(1996)Dirofilariosis.Proceedings of thexxi wsavaCongress Jerusalem. pp335\u2013336"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","unstructured":"DILLON R.&BRAWNER B.(1989)Right\u2010sided heart failure in heartworm dogs. Ed G. F. Otto.Proceedings of the Heartworm Symposium 1989.American Heartworm Society. pp173\u2013177"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","unstructured":"DILLON R. BRAWNER W. R.&HANTAHAN L.(1995)Influence of number of parasites and exercise on the severity of heartworm disease in dogs. Eds M.D. Soll D.H. Knight.Proceedings of the Heartworm Symposium 1995.American Heartworm Society. pp113"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","unstructured":"GENCHI C. SOLARI\u2010BASANO F. BANDI C. DI SACCO B. VENCO L. VEZZONI A.&CANCRINI G.(1995)Factors influencing the spread of heartworms in Italy. Interaction between Dirofilaria immitis\u00f6 and Dirofilaria\u00f6 repens.\u00f6Eds M. D. Soll D. H. Knight.Proceedings of the Heartworm Symposium 1995.American Heartworm Society. pp65\u201371"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","first-page":"53","article-title":"Epidemiologia della filariosi cardio\u2010polmonare del cane in Italia","author":"GENCHI C.","year":"1988","journal-title":"Atti IV Seminario SCIVAC"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","unstructured":"GUERRERO J. RODENAS A. GUTTIEREZ GALINDO J.&FLORIT F.(1995)The extension of the prevalence of Dirofilaria immitis\u00f6 in Cataluna Spain. Eds M. D. Soll D. H. Knight.Proceedings of the Heartworm Symposium 1995.American Heartworm Society. pp73\u201377"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","first-page":"348","article-title":"Canine heartworm disease","volume":"18","author":"HOSKINS J. D.","year":"1996","journal-title":"Compendium on Continuing Education for the Practicing Veterinarian"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","unstructured":"HOSKINS J. D. HAGSTAD H. V.&HRIBERNIK T. N.(1983)Effects of thiacetarsamide sodium in Louisiana dogs with naturally occurring canine heartworm disease. Ed G. F. Otto.Proceedings of the Heartworm Symposium 1983.American Heartworm Society. pp134\u2013139"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","first-page":"263","volume-title":"Current Veterinary Therapy X","author":"HRIBERNIK T. N.","year":"1989"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms1939.40.525"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","unstructured":"KNIGHT D. H.(1986)Radiographic evaluation of heartworm disease. Ed M. D. Soll.Proceedings of the Heartworm Symposium 1986.American Heartworm Society. pp109\u2013114"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_1","unstructured":"KNIGHT D. H.(1992)How current knowledge has affected the diagnosis prevention and treatment of heartworm infection. Ed M.D. Soll.Proceedings of the Heartworm Symposium 1992.American Heartworm Society. pp253\u2013259"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_1","unstructured":"LEWIS R. E.&LOSONSKY J. M.(1977)The frequency of roentgen signs in heartworm disease. Ed G. F. Otto.Proceedings of the Heartworm Symposium 1977.American Heartworm Society. pp73\u201375"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.1983.tb01550.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_1","unstructured":"MILLER M. W. KEISTER D. M. TANNER M. S.&MEO N. J.(1995)Clinical efficacy of melarsomine dihydrochloride (rm340) and thiacetarsamide in dogs with moderate (class 2) heartworm infection. Eds M. D. Soll D. H. Knight.Proceedings of the Heartworm Symposium 1995.American Heartworm Society. pp233\u2013241"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_25_1","first-page":"375","article-title":"Electrocardiogram of the patient with heartworm disease","volume":"154","author":"MORGAN H. C.","year":"1969","journal-title":"Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_26_1","volume-title":"Heartworm Disease in Dogs and Cats","author":"RAWLINGS C. A.","year":"1986"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_27_1","first-page":"1163","volume-title":"Textbook of Veterinary Internal Medicine","author":"RAWLINGS C. A.","year":"1989"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_28_1","first-page":"1046","volume-title":"Textbook of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Diseases of the Dog and Cat","author":"RAWLINGS C. A.","year":"1995"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1983.182.02.131","article-title":"Aspirin and prednisolone modification of radiographic changes caused by adulticide treatment in dogs with heartworm infection","volume":"182","author":"RAWLINGS C. A.","year":"1983","journal-title":"Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_30_1","first-page":"373","article-title":"Melarsomine: a new heartworm adulticide","volume":"18","author":"RAWLINGS C. A.","year":"1996","journal-title":"Compendium on Continuing Education for the Practicing Veterinarian"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_31_1","unstructured":"SMITH R. D.(1995)Decision analysis of heartworm diagnostic tests and management options. Eds M. D. Soll D. H. Knight.Proceedings of the Heartworm Symposium 1995.American Heartworm Society. pp147\u2013156"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.1980.41.01.81","article-title":"Radiographic changes associated with developing dirofilariosis in experimentally infected dogs","volume":"41","author":"THRALL D. E.","year":"1980","journal-title":"American Journal of Veterinary Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_33_1","unstructured":"VEZZONI A. GENCHI C.&RAYNAUD J. P.(1992)Adulticide efficacy of melarsomine (rm340) particularly in dogs with severe natural heartworm infections.Proceedings of the Heartworm Symposium 1992.American Heartworm Society. pp231\u2013240"}],"container-title":["Veterinary Record"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1136%2Fvr.146.16.466","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/bvajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1136\/vr.146.16.466","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T12:33:24Z","timestamp":1761482004000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bvajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1136\/vr.146.16.466"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2000,4]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"16","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/vr.146.16.466"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/vr.146.16.466","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0042-4900","2042-7670"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0042-4900","type":"print"},{"value":"2042-7670","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2000,4]]}}}