{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T21:20:01Z","timestamp":1786569601152,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,22]],"date-time":"2025-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755820800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":21,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["World Jnl Ped Surgery"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,29]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of this study was to present clinical and radiological outcomes of surgical treatment for proximal femur unicameral bone cysts (UBCs) in children.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pediatric patients recruited from our institution between 2015 and 2024 with proximal femur UBC were analyzed retrospectively. Patients were divided into two groups according to whether internal fixation was used. Demographics, cyst activity, cyst area, healing time of pathological fractures and cysts, clinical and radiological outcomes, time to activity and complications were analyzed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Thirty-seven pediatric patients were included in this study. There were 18 patients in the non-internal fixation group and 19 patients in the internal fixation. There was no significant difference between these two groups in terms of age, duration of follow-up, fracture at diagnosis, cyst activity or healing time of pathological fractures and cysts. Cyst area in the internal fixation group was 1609\u00b11131\u2009mm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      , which was significantly greater than that in the group without internal fixation (936\u00b1597\u2009mm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.05). There was no significant difference in clinical or radiological outcomes between the two groups. Patients who were treated with internal fixation were able to return to activity significantly sooner than those who were not (5.9 months\n                      <jats:italic>vs.<\/jats:italic>\n                      7.7 months;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.05). There was no significant difference in complications between the two groups (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      =1.000).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Surgical treatment of proximal femoral UBCs in children remains a challenge. The use of internal fixation is beneficial for accelerating the healing process and reducing the time to activity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/wjps-2025-001014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,22]],"date-time":"2025-08-22T10:45:26Z","timestamp":1755859526000},"page":"e001014","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Surgical treatment of proximal femur unicameral bone cysts in children: a retrospective single-center study"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5535-9534","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haibing","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao Fen","family":"Niu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hang","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wensong","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025113023001138000_8.4.e001014.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-020-03687-x","article-title":"Surgical treatment of benign lesions and pathologic fractures of the proximal femur in children","volume":"142","author":"Tomaszewski","year":"2022","journal-title":"Arch Orthop Trauma Surg"},{"key":"2025113023001138000_8.4.e001014.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5435\/JAAOS-22-05-295"},{"key":"2025113023001138000_8.4.e001014.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11129","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-61828-3","article-title":"Factors which can influence elastic stable intramedullary nailing removal in healed bone cysts in children","volume":"14","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2025113023001138000_8.4.e001014.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.J.01123","article-title":"Treatment of unicameral bone cyst: surgical technique","volume":"93 Suppl 1","author":"Hou","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"2025113023001138000_8.4.e001014.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-017-3648-2","article-title":"Locking plate and fibular strut-graft augmentation in the reconstruction of unicameral bone cyst of proximal femur in the paediatric population","volume":"42","author":"Jamshidi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"key":"2025113023001138000_8.4.e001014.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-12-281","article-title":"Mid- and long-term clinical results of surgical therapy in unicameral bone cysts","volume":"12","author":"Hagmann","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"key":"2025113023001138000_8.4.e001014.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-009-1008-2"},{"key":"2025113023001138000_8.4.e001014.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1177\/18632521231221553","article-title":"As simple as it sounds? The treatment of simple bone cysts in the proximal femur in children and adolescents: Retrospective multicenter EPOS study of 74 patients","volume":"18","author":"van Geloven","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Child Orthop"},{"key":"2025113023001138000_8.4.e001014.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3166","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-014-3768-6","article-title":"Does fracture affect the healing time or frequency of recurrence in a simple bone cyst of the proximal femur?","volume":"472","author":"Cha","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"2025113023001138000_8.4.e001014.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198206000-00036","article-title":"The natural history of unicameral bone cyst after steroid injection","volume":"166","author":"Capanna","year":"1982","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"2025113023001138000_8.4.e001014.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199301000-00035","article-title":"A system for the functional evaluation of reconstructive procedures after surgical treatment of tumors of the musculoskeletal system","volume":"286","author":"Enneking","year":"1993","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"2025113023001138000_8.4.e001014.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.5455\/medscience.2021.02.048","article-title":"Unicameral bone cysts of the proximal femur in skeletally immature patients: Do radiological parameters, pathological fracture, treatment method and recurrence affect the outcomes?","volume":"10","author":"Aycan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Med-Science"},{"key":"2025113023001138000_8.4.e001014.13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1051","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-016-2486-9","article-title":"A treatment strategy for proximal femoral benign bone lesions in children and recommended surgical procedures: retrospective analysis of 62 patients","volume":"136","author":"Erol","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arch Orthop Trauma Surg"},{"key":"2025113023001138000_8.4.e001014.14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-019-1326-3","article-title":"Active unicameral bone cysts: control firstly, cure secondly","volume":"14","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"key":"2025113023001138000_8.4.e001014.15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e862","DOI":"10.3928\/01477447-20170810-01","article-title":"Treatment of Unicameral Bone Cysts of the Proximal Femur With Internal Fixation Lessens the Risk of Additional Surgery","volume":"40","author":"Wilke","year":"2017","journal-title":"Orthopedics"},{"key":"2025113023001138000_8.4.e001014.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.84B3.12115"},{"key":"2025113023001138000_8.4.e001014.17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-15-159","article-title":"Clinical factors affecting pathological fracture and healing of unicameral bone cysts","volume":"15","author":"Urakawa","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"key":"2025113023001138000_8.4.e001014.18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.106B5.BJJ-2023-0577.R4","article-title":"Surgical management of proximal femoral unicameral bone cyst in children","volume":"106-B","author":"Maximen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Bone Joint J"},{"key":"2025113023001138000_8.4.e001014.19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1097\/01.bpb.0000228394.47431.d7","article-title":"Subtrochanteric femoral fractures due to simple bone cysts in children","volume":"15","author":"Vigler","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Pediatr Orthop B"},{"key":"2025113023001138000_8.4.e001014.20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e661","DOI":"10.1097\/BPO.0000000000002128","article-title":"Treatments and Sequelae of Pediatric Pathologic Proximal Femur Fractures Due to Benign Bone Cyst","volume":"42","author":"Lin","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Pediatr Orthop"},{"key":"2025113023001138000_8.4.e001014.21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000022364","article-title":"Is elastic stable intramedullary nail a good choice for pathological fractures of the proximal femur due to simple bone cyst in pediatric population?","volume":"99","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"2025113023001138000_8.4.e001014.22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.943031","article-title":"Long-Term Outcomes of Decompression and Grafting in Acute Pathological Proximal Femur Fractures in Children with Unicameral Bone Cysts: A Retrospective Study Utilizing a 120\u00b0 Fixed-Angle Low-Contact Locking Pediatric Hip Plate","volume":"29","author":"Ada\u015f","year":"2023","journal-title":"Med Sci Monit"},{"key":"2025113023001138000_8.4.e001014.23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yang L , Wang D , Zuo J , et al . Pathological fracture increases the risk of unsatisfactory functional results and avascular necrosis in children with proximal femur simple bone cysts. Injury 2024;55. doi:10.1016\/j.injury.2023.111068","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2023.111068"},{"key":"2025113023001138000_8.4.e001014.24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.blo.0000238794.82466.3d"}],"container-title":["World Journal of Pediatric Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/wjps-2025-001014","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T07:00:36Z","timestamp":1764572436000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/wjps.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/wjps-2025-001014"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,22]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/wjps-2025-001014"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/wjps-2025-001014","relation":{},"ISSN":["2516-5410"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2516-5410","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]}}}