{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]],"date-time":"2025-08-28T06:10:07Z","timestamp":1756361407831,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Rep"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,12]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Rectal squamous cell carcinoma (rSCC) is a rare cancer (0.5% of all rectal cancers). It typically presents at an advanced stage and has a poor prognosis. Recently, chemoradiotherapy with organ preservation has become an option for complete response (CR). Surveillance is essential to prompt recognition of recurrence due to its high risk. We present a case of an elderly woman with rSCC stage cT4N1aM0 who underwent a combination of chemotherapy (mitomycin and fluoropyrimidine) and radiotherapy with CR and organ preservation. The patient has been in follow-up for 2 years with digital rectal examination, tumour markers, pelvic MRI, thoracic and upper abdominal CT, proctoscopy and positron emission tomography, with no disease recurrence. This highlights the success of chemoradiotherapy for rSCC treatment, allowing organ preservation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2023-255284","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,25]],"date-time":"2024-01-25T02:05:24Z","timestamp":1706148324000},"page":"e255284","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Comprehensive look at rectal squamous cell carcinoma"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9150-4180","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joana","family":"Liz-Pimenta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Oncology, Centro Hospitalar de Tras-os-montes e Alto Douro EPE, Vila Real, Portugal"}]},{"given":"C\u00e1tia","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Surgery, Centro Hospitalar de Tras-os-montes e Alto Douro EPE, Vila Real, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Ara\u00fajo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Oncology, Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio do Porto EPE, Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Oncology, Centro Hospitalar de Tras-os-montes e Alto Douro EPE, Vila Real, Portugal"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082722472069000_17.1.e255284.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1590-8658(01)80095-5"},{"key":"2025082722472069000_17.1.e255284.2","article-title":"Concurrent chemoradiation with 5-fluorouracil and mitomycin in squamous cell carcinoma of the rectum","volume":"13","author":"Sethi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"2025082722472069000_17.1.e255284.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.esmoop.2021.100180","article-title":"Squamous rectal carcinoma: a rare malignancy, literature review and management recommendations","volume":"6","author":"Astaras","year":"2021","journal-title":"ESMO Open"},{"key":"2025082722472069000_17.1.e255284.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1080\/08941939.2020.1824044","article-title":"Primary squamous cell carcinoma of colon and rectum: a systematic review of the literature","volume":"35","author":"Schizas","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Invest Surg"},{"key":"2025082722472069000_17.1.e255284.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-04-1680"},{"key":"2025082722472069000_17.1.e255284.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.24033.1","article-title":"Case report: management of rectal squamous cell carcinoma - a treatment dilemma","volume":"9","author":"Parker","year":"2020","journal-title":"F1000Res"},{"key":"2025082722472069000_17.1.e255284.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1007\/s12029-020-00552-3","article-title":"Patterns of care and outcomes of low-lying adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the rectum","volume":"53","author":"Malakhov","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Gastrointest Cancer"},{"key":"2025082722472069000_17.1.e255284.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1097\/DCR.0000000000001205","article-title":"Comparison of anal versus rectal staging in the prognostication of rectal squamous cell carcinoma: A population-based analysis","volume":"62","author":"Goffredo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"2025082722472069000_17.1.e255284.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.4240\/wjgs.v8.i3.252","article-title":"Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the Rectum: an update and implications for treatment","volume":"8","author":"Guerra","year":"2016","journal-title":"World J Gastrointest Surg"},{"key":"2025082722472069000_17.1.e255284.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1109","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.13.12256","article-title":"FDG PET\/CT in the management of colorectal and anal cancers","volume":"203","author":"Agarwal","year":"2014","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"2025082722472069000_17.1.e255284.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2016.02.005","article-title":"Chemoradiation in Rectal squamous cell carcinoma: bi-institutional case series","volume":"58","author":"Loganadane","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"key":"2025082722472069000_17.1.e255284.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-007-0256-z"},{"key":"2025082722472069000_17.1.e255284.13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2020-236256","article-title":"Squamous cell carcinoma of the Rectum","volume":"13","author":"Chakrabarti","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep"}],"container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2023-255284","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]],"date-time":"2025-08-28T05:47:28Z","timestamp":1756360048000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/casereports.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2023-255284"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,24]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bcr-2023-255284"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bcr-2023-255284","relation":{},"ISSN":["1757-790X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1757-790X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]}}}