{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T11:50:54Z","timestamp":1776081054224,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Br J Sports Med"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,10]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To assess the impact of depression and physical activity (PA) of different intensities on the incidence of heart disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A prospective cohort study with 20\u2009645 European middle-aged and older adults (mean baseline age 63 years; 55.1%\u2009women; median follow-up 9.5 years) was conducted using data from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe. The EURO-D 12-item scale assessed depression. Moderate-intensity and vigorous-intensity PA and heart disease diagnoses were self-reported. We classified participants into the following four groups: (1) depression plus low PA, (2) no depression plus low PA, (3) depression plus moderate\/high PA, (4) no depression plus moderate\/high PA. Hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for confounders.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Compared with having depression and low PA levels, adjusted HR for heart disease similarly decreased for participants with depression and moderate\/high PA (moderate-intensity PA: HR=0.63, 95%\u2009CI=0.50, 0.78; vigorous-intensity PA: HR=0.69, 95%\u2009CI=0.53, 0.89) and participants without depression and low PA (moderate-intensity PA: HR=0.64, 95%\u2009CI=0.50, 0.82; vigorous-intensity PA: HR=0.68, 95%\u2009CI=0.58, 0.80). The greatest risk reduction was found in participants without depression and moderate\/high PA (moderate-intensity PA: HR=0.46, 95%\u2009CI=0.37, 0.55; vigorous-intensity PA: HR=0.48, 95%\u2009CI=0.40, 0.58).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Moderate-intensity and vigorous-intensity PA seems to counteract the increased risk for heart disease associated with depression. This highlights the importance of PA as a possible intervention strategy aiming to manage the risk of heart disease among people with depression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2024-108780","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,20]],"date-time":"2025-02-20T18:20:32Z","timestamp":1740075632000},"page":"848-855","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Depression, reduced physical activity and the risk of heart disease: a prospective cohort of European middle-aged and older adults"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"59","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6072-6012","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miguel","family":"Peralta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Marcelo","family":"Nascimento","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Gerson","family":"Ferrari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"\u00c9lvio R","family":"Gouveia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9850-7771","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adilson","family":"Marques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025060504101938000_59.12.848.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)32279-7"},{"key":"2025060504101938000_59.12.848.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-2667(21)00047-5"},{"key":"2025060504101938000_59.12.848.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.23068"},{"key":"2025060504101938000_59.12.848.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehy913"},{"key":"2025060504101938000_59.12.848.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41569-021-00607-3"},{"key":"2025060504101938000_59.12.848.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.10.050"},{"key":"2025060504101938000_59.12.848.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2022-105669"},{"key":"2025060504101938000_59.12.848.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2022-106195"},{"key":"2025060504101938000_59.12.848.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2021.113738"},{"key":"2025060504101938000_59.12.848.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/mss.0b013e3180f6109f"},{"key":"2025060504101938000_59.12.848.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.2010.209767"},{"key":"2025060504101938000_59.12.848.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2023.12.007"},{"key":"2025060504101938000_59.12.848.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2022.07.002"},{"key":"2025060504101938000_59.12.848.14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psycom.2023.100125","article-title":"Depression, physical activity, and incident cardiovascular disease among American Indians: The strong heart family study","volume":"3","author":"Staff","year":"2023","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res Commun"},{"key":"2025060504101938000_59.12.848.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)32335-3"},{"key":"2025060504101938000_59.12.848.16","unstructured":"Wolfrum R . 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